84 CINCHONA BARKS. 
patrum.’’* In 1649, de Lugo, in passing through Paris, recom- 
mended the remedy to the Cardinal Mazarin for the young Louis 
XIV, who was sick with a fever. The Jesuits in Rome received 
at this time a quantity of Cinchona from their Provincial from 
America, who, in 1643, went to the Chapter of the Order at 
Rome.? Michael Belga at this time likewise brought Cinchona from 
Lima to Antwerp and Brussels. 
Belgian physicians likewise contributed materially to the knowl- 
edge and distribution of Cinchona. Through Chifflet, physician 
to the Archduke Leopold, of Austria, Governor of the Netherlands, 
this was effected in a publication which appeared at Brussels, in 
1653 (or 1651?), entitled “ Pulvis febrifugus Orbis Americani ven- 
tilatus.” Although Chifflet prized the Cinchona bark as a marvel 
of his time, he recommended it, however, so mildly that a heated 
controversy® arose, in which, e. g. Glantz (1653), an imperial phy- 
sician at Ratisbon, as also Godoy, a physician of the Spanish King, 
and Moreau and Plempius (1655) stood and wrote in Chifflet’s de- 
fence. As active opponents of these physicians there appears 
decidedly in favor of the bark the Jesuit, Honoratius Faber, Fonseca, 
physician to Pope Innocent II, Sebastian Bado, of Genoa, and 
especially, in 1653, Doctor Roland Sturm,} of Louvain. The latter 
communicates also the detailed directions for its use in 1651, which 
the apothecaries of Rome were accustomed to give with the bark 
when dispensing it.® 
The Cinchona began to be known in England about the year 
1655, and in 1658 was repeatedly advertised for sale in the “ Mer- 
curius Politicus,” one of the earliest newspapers of England, by 
the Antwerp merchant, James Thompson, as “the excellent powder 
known by the name of the Fesuits Powder.” Brady and Willis, two 
distinguished English physicians, prescribed Cinchona bark in the 
year 1660.’ ; 
It is very remarkable that Cinchona bark is not contained in the 
Pharmacopeeia of the Hague, of the year 1659; in 1664 it was 
designated a dutiable product at Lyons. 
* Roland Sturm. Febrifug? Peruviani vindiciarum pars prior: Pulveris historiam 
complectens ejusque vires et proprietates . . . . . exhibens. Delphis, 1659, 12°. 
2 Chiffletius, 1. c.; Sprengel, Geschichte der Arznayhunde, IV (Halle, 1827), 513. 
* The more complete title of these older publications is given by H. von Bergen, 
pp- I-72; also in Mérat et De Len’s Dictionnaire de Mat. Med. V (1833), p. 632. 
 # Page 83, note 4. 8 Note 1. dae 
* “Modo di adoprare la corteccia chiamata della febre,” reprinted in Fliickiger and 
Hanbury’s Pharmacographia, second edition, p. 343- He . ; 
7 See Pharmacographia, second edition, Pp. 344. 
_ * Martiny, Rohwaarenkunde, | (1843), p. 3. 
