MORE RECENT HISTORY OF THE CINCHONA BARKS. 91 
together which science could offer regarding this subject; and 
especially with regard to the history of the remedy, reference 
must also be made to Bergen’s monograph. A valuable supple- 
ment consistsin 7 colored plates with admirable figures of Cinchona 
rubra, Huanuco, Calisaya flava, Huamalies, Loxa and Jaen; the 
descriptions of these barks accomplished all that is possible with- 
out the aid of the microscope. 
For the application of this latter and most important aid in the 
study of the Cinchona barks, and for the first figurative representa- 
tions of the anatomical views thereby obtained, we are indebted to 
Weddell (died July 22, 1877). The extraordinary significance 
of his Histoire Naturelle des Quinguinas, the fruits of extended 
travels (1845 and 1848) in Bolivia and Peru, has been everywhere 
in the preceding pages sufficiently valued. 
How much we are furthermore indebted to the two above fre- 
quently mentioned works of Howard and Karsten is manifest from 
this entire representation. In the “Flore Columbie terrarumque 
adjacentium specimina selecta”’ the latter gives, as the fruits of 
observations extending through many years at the place itself, 
descriptions and magnificent figures of Cinchona cordifolia, C. 
corymbosa, C. lancifolia, and C. tucujensis, as also a number of 
species still comprehended by him as Cinchonas, which, at the 
present time, are no longer enumerated among the latter, as has 
been explained on pages 10, 20 and 51. 
The knowledge of the Cinchonas received further enrichment 
through the likewise above-mentioned “Quinologie,” for the 
publication of which, in 1854, the quinine manufacturer Delondre, 
and the chemist and apothecary Bouchardat had associated, after 
the former (accidentally), in Weddell’s company, had made a visit 
to the forests of Santa Ana, near Cusco. Among the 23 plates of 
this Qucnologie are found not only the officinal Cinchona barks, 
but in general all those which occurred in the wholesale trade of 
that time, together with some false Cinchona barks, very accurately 
reproduced; with each bark the yield of alkaloid on a manu- 
facturing scale is designated. Phcebus* has dedicated to the barks 
of the “ Quinologie” an elaborate microscopical investigation. 
The conclusion of so many still open questions regarding the 
Cinchonas remains to be hoped for through their forest cultivation, 
concerning the development of which the interesting official reports 
of the English and Dutch continually afford information. _ 
It would be very desirable to have a complete systematic knowl- 
edge of the entire division of the Cinchonez, and the comparative 
1 Die Delondre Bouchardat schen Chinarinden. Giessen 1864, 8°, pp. 74. <: 
