﻿104 66 



Regarding the liyoiil I only find the following in (îunther (14 a, p. 520) : "the glossohyal 

 is long, feeble, gradually lost in the membrane which forms the bottom of the ventral tube", 

 which is only partly right. 



13; p. 88 (50): 



Several previous authors have endeavoured to describe the pectoral girdle in Centrisciis; 

 as they are not mentioned by Starks, I may give here what I have been able to lind in the 

 literature. 



Geoffroy St. Hilairf. (10a, PI. 29) gives an incomplete and very imperfect figure of the 

 shoulder girdle in C. scolopax. The upi)er broad jiart of the clavicle is called omoplate (o), 

 the lower the clavicle (c); scapula + coracoid + basalia are included under one name hu- 

 merus {h); postclavicle: furculaire if). According to the note (p. 372, explanation of Plate) the 

 form and apjjarent (but misunderstood) relation of the latter bone to its fellow in Cenlfiscus 

 seems to have induced the comparison with the furcula of birds. In 10b (p. 424) we find 

 some further remarks on this bone (postclavicle) and its relation to a bone on the ventral 

 margin, which so far as I can understand the description must be the pubic bone. Rosenthal 

 (27; PI. X, figs. 11 and 12, Text pp.36 and 37) states: "Die Gürtelknochen (i.e. Clavicle) bestehn 

 aus zwei Stücken, von denen das obere sehr klein ist. . . . x. Eine breite, unten wie ein Schiffs- 

 kiel zusammenlaufende Lamelle, die diesem Fisch eigenthümlich ist (i. e. coracoid; a note 

 adds: "Diese als ein Stück des Flossengliedes anzunehmen ist man wohl um so weniger berech- 

 tiget, da beide dem radius und der ulna entsprechenden Stücke, wie in den übrigen Fischen 

 auch hier vorhanden sind". This means possibly the 2 bones a and b in fig. 12) s. Der stiel- 

 förmige Beckenknochen (i. e. postclavicle), der hier mit dem Bauchflossengliede /. sehr fest 

 verbunden ist". His interpretation of this bone as the pubic is further explained in the note. 

 It is seen from the explanation to fig. 12, wiiich represents the separated parts of the pectoral 

 girdle, that Rosenthal has correctly seen the suprascapular "(1) das obere" and the clavicle 

 "(2) das untere Stück der Gûrtelknochen"; a and b "Stücke des Brustflossengliedes" are the 

 scapula and the lowermost (4th) large basal. 



Agassiz (lb, p. 272) makes the following remark: "Le cubitus (i.e. coracoid) est une large 

 plaque dont le bord inférieur forme une longue carène le long du ventre". 



Brühl (5 a) has copied (on Plate XII, fig. 23) Geoffrot's figure, which has not been im- 

 proved on reproduction; and Brühl does not seem to have closely investigated the structure 

 himself. The clavicle is called the "vorderes Schlüsselbein" (v. Schi.), the postclavicle the 

 "hinteres Schi." (h. Schi.); regarding the latter we find, p. 176, c "bei einigen Fischen stossen 



sie wirklich durch Symphyse zusammen, so bei Centriscus"; but this does not a])ply to 



Centriscus, nor does the following: "Beim letzteren.... tragen die so unten verbundenen hin- 

 tern Schlüsselbeine sogar die Beckenknochen". The remaining parts of the pectoral girdle 

 are not specially mentioned, but the lettering on the figures, VA, compared with the text 

 p. 176, 3, a, shows that they are together included under "Ober- und Vorderarniknochen", of 

 which 1 is given as "Humerus", 2 as "Radius" without the ligure showing any boundary 

 between two bones, just as little as in Geoffroy's original. 



Günther (14 a, p. 521) writes: "Another peculiarity is the great breadth of the radius 

 (i. e. the coracoid), this bone forming with its fellow a suture which is as long as the bone 

 is high ; there is an oval free space between the radius and the humerus (i. e. clavicle). The 

 coracoid (i. e. postclavicle) is very strong, straight, sabre-shaped, extending backwards to the 

 l)ubic bones, which, however, are not fixed to it and quite small". 



Gegenhaur (9, p. 128) writes: "Bei Centriscus stellt das Schulterstück einen breiten 

 Knochen dar, der durch zwei von oben nach abwärts (con) vergirende Leisten, die eine rund- 

 liche Oelfnung zwischen sich fassen, ausgezeichnet ist. Der Vorderrand des Knochens lehnt 



