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respiration is only accelerated by limited doses; the doses exceeding a certain 

 degree, the production of carbon-dioxide decreases. In Brassica, Hordeum and Zea 

 he never succeeded in demonstrating an acceleration of the respiration, on the 

 contrary he found a retardation of this process, when using too large doses, a 

 result which was later demonstrated by Morkowin [Morkowin 1903]. Concerning 

 the intramolecular respiration the result was different; in Hordeum and Zea he did 

 not succeed in demonstrating a retardation of the production of carbon-dioxide by 

 larger doses, and in Ricinus an acceleration of the respiration was not noted. Con- 

 trary to this Lupinus and Pisum when exposed to ether act in like manner with 

 regard to aerobic and anaerobic respiration. According to the author the different 

 effects of etherization on the respiration of the above mentioned seedlings may be 

 owing to the difTerence of the reserve-materials; the respiration is accelerated in 

 proportion to the amount of nitrogenous reserves contained by the seeds. The 

 respiration of seeds rich in carbohydrates cannot be accelerated [Lauren p. 18]. 

 Johannsen demonstrated that etherization produces a small retardation of respira- 

 tion in ripening lupines and young ripening sweet-peas; contrary to this the respira- 

 tion was accelerated in young ripening seeds of barley though in a small degree 

 and in a larger degree in old ripening seeds of sweet-peas and of barlej', in bulbs 

 and in willow-shoots. A large acceleration of the production of carbon-dioxide was 

 always found to be an after-effect [Johannsen 1897]. Also Zaleski states that respira- 

 tion of bulbs, that have been exposed for some time to ether, is greatly accelerated 

 but successively the respiration becomes normal, a phenomenon which has later 

 been demonstrated by Palladin [Palladin 1905 p. 245] Contrary to the above men- 

 tioned students Korsinsky used microorganismes for his experiments (Aspergillus 

 niger). He noted that smaller doses of ether produce an acceleration of respira- 

 tion, while larger doses will retard this process. If the ether is removed, the 

 respiration again becomes normal [Korsinsky 1902, p. 137 seq.]. Through large doses 

 Schroeder noted likewise a retardation of the respiration. If the respiration had 

 been entirely suspended by the ether, it was not regained after the removal of the 

 ether [Schroeder 1907, p. 450 seq.]. Morkowin exposed etiolated shoots of Vicia faba 

 to an atmosphere of ether and noted after the exposition a considerable accelera- 

 tion of the respiration. In leaves of Ficus and Phyllodendron the acceleration of 

 the evolution of carbon-dioxide was only small [Morkowin 1899, p. 289 seq. p. 341 

 seq.]. In a later treatise Morkowin describes some experiments on the effect of 

 ether on the ratio between aerobic and anaerobic respiration of the roots of Beta 

 vulgaris, which showed that the ratio is but slightly influenced, while the absolute 

 respiratory activity is greatly affected. Middling doses produce a considerable ac- 

 celeration of the respiration while weaker and larger doses produce only a small 

 acceleration. It must be noted that the intensity of the respiration is always 

 measured after the object has been exposed to ether, never during the narcosis 

 [Morkowin 1903, p. 72—80]. 



According to the C02-assimilation Claude Bernard found in using Spirogyra 



