METEOROLOGY. 



121 



France, and includes (1) the duration of the stages of growtli of differ- 

 ent plants and their relation to temperature, and (2) the sums of tem- 

 perature necessary for the maturing of different plants. The different 

 stages of plant growth from seeding to harvest are treated in detail. 

 The main results of observations at Montpellier are summarized in the 

 following table: 



Stages of growth and sums of temperature required for the inaturing of different plahts. 



Wheat (Noe).. 



Spring wheat . 

 Rye 



Barley 



Winter oats 



Corn (from the Landes) 



Com (Caragua) 



Corn (Cinquantin) 



Sorghum (saccharine).. 



Buckwheat 



Flax 



Beans ( haricot) 



Beets 



Jerusalem artichokes. . . 

 Potatoes 



Date of planting. 



End of October or begin- 

 ning of November. 



March 15 



End of October or begin- 

 ning of November. 



do 



do 



.\pril 10 



do 



do 



April 1 



do 



March 3 



April 15 



March 15 



Beginning of March. 

 do 



Time required for- 



Germi- 

 nation. 



Days. Days. 

 13 195 



91 

 174 



185 

 201 



Bloom- 

 ing. 



199 



190 

 205 



80 



110 



8G 



120 



29 



(13 



49 



11 



191 



92 



Matu- 

 rity. 



Sums of 

 tempera- 

 ture re- 

 quired for 

 growth 

 and ma- 

 turity. o 



Days. 

 237 



124 

 230 



223 

 231 

 150 

 167 

 136 

 165 

 136 

 105 

 89 

 205 

 221 

 135 



Deg. r. 

 2398 



1760 

 2240 



2100 

 2220 

 2730 



2894 



1.555 

 1611 

 3470 

 3665 

 2287 



aCalculated according to the Herve-Mangon method from the sums of the daily temperatures (aver- 

 age of the maxima and minima) received by the plant from the time of planting to the time of 

 harvest, discarding all average temperatures below those required for the growth of plants, i. e., e"* 

 C. for wheat, 9° for corn, etc. 



Meteorolog-ical observations at Michigan Agricultural Experiment Station 

 for the year 1898, R. C. Kedzie {Michigan Sta. Ept. 1S99, pp. 79-ia?).— Tab- 

 ulated daily and monthly summaries of observations during 1898 on temperature, 

 pressure, precipitation, humidity, cloudiness, wind movement, etc. 



The summary for the year is as follows: Mean temperature, 48.17° F. ; humidity, 

 89.6 per cent; atmospheric pressure (reduced to 32° F. ), 29.12 in.; cloudiness, 48 per 

 cent; amount of rain or melted snow, 31.72 in.; snowfall, 44.25 in.; number of thun- 

 derstorms, 10. 



Meteorological observations, W. B. Alwood {Virginia Sta. Rpt. 1899, p. 10). — 

 A tabulated monthly summary is given of observations at Blacksburg, Va., during 

 the year ended June 30, 1899, on temperature, precipitation, snowfall, and ck)udi- 

 ness, and for 7 years (1893-1899) on temperature and rainfall. The mean tempera- 

 ture of the year ended June 30, 1899, was 50.8° F., the rainfall 50.9 in.; average 

 temperature for 7 years was 51.7°, and rainfall 37.78 in. 



Meteorological summary for the year 1899, H. Dufour and D. Valet 

 {Chron. Agr. Canton Vand, IS {1900), No. 7, pp. 149-152).— This is a summary of 

 ol)servations on temperature, precipitation, sunshine, and temperature of the soil at 

 the Agricultural Institute at Lausanne. 



A comparative study of variations in temperature and of rainfall at 

 Aigoual and Montpellier, F. Houdaxlle {Ann. Ecole Nat. Agr. Montpellier, 11 

 {1S99-1900), pp. 52-97, figs. 7, charts i^).— Comparative observations during 3 years 

 (1896-1898) at these two points, one in the Pyrenees, the other in the plain, 65 kilo- 

 meters apart and differing in altitude ))y 1,525 meters, are reported and discussed. 



