HORTICULTURE. 245 



Report of the horticulturist, V. B. \V"a:.dron (Xorth Dakota Sta. Rpt. 1899, pp. 

 47-51). — This report reviews in outline the work of the year and notes the varieties 

 of garden vegetables which succeeded Ijest. The white ash, which has been recom- 

 mended as one of the most promising trees for groves and timber belts in the State, 

 was subject to serious attacks during the year from borers and bark beetles that 

 appeared in such numbers as to destroy or cripple nearly all the trees. It is thought 

 from the present outlook that continued plantings of this tree must be abandoned. 



In the fields the Rocky Mountain locust and Hessian fiy were the most serious 

 insect pests of the year. Some notes are given regarding their control. 



The chayote, E. Andre {Rev. Horl., 12 {1900), No. 15, pp. 420, 421, pi. i).— This 

 tropical fruit or vegetable {Sechium edule) is illustrated and described and suggestions 

 given regarding its culture and uses. 



Cultivation of pepper in Bombay, J. W. Wollison {Agr. Ledger, 1900, No. 3 

 ( Veg. Prod. ser. No. 4S), pp. J-J-J>!). — Methods of growing and liarvesting the black 

 pepper of commerce. 



The apple and how to grow it, G. B. Brackett {U. S. Dejd. Agr., Farmers' Bid. 

 lis, pp. 32, figs. 10). — This bulletin is intended primarily for "the guidance of the 

 farmer in the propagation, cultivation, and care of the family orchard." Lists of 

 varieties of apples suitable for culture in different sections of the country are given, 

 and these lists include many commercial varieties suitable for the same districts. 

 Utilization of orchard fruits and the gathering and disposing of the crop are also 

 discussed. 



Apples in North Carolina {Bid. North Carolina State Bd. Agr., 21 {1900), No. 7, pp. 

 40, pis. 4, figs. 19). — Poi)ular directions for the culture of apples in North Carolina, 

 with suggestions regarding the most suitable varieties for different purposes and 

 descriptions of some 60 varieties. Papers on the advancement of apple culture in 

 the western part of the State, on the care in handling winter apples, preparing apples 

 for the market, and on the diseases and insects affecting apple trees in North Caro- 

 lina form the concluding portion of the bulletin. 



The apples of France; planting- and cultivation, manufacture of cider and 

 apple brandy, fruit production, E. Gautier {Les pommiers de France; plantations 

 et cultures, fabrication du cidre et des eaux-de vie de cidre, production fruitiere. Paris: 

 E. Brocherioiu; 1899, pp. 87, pi. l,figs. 10). 



Orchard technique: 'III. Growing- the apple orchard, W. B. Alwood {Vir- 

 ginia Sta. Bui. 99, pp. 53-79, figs. 12). — Detailed popular directions for laying out the 

 orchard, selecting nursery stock, planting trees, pruning, cultivating, etc. 



Time of pruning- aflfecting- time of ripening- apricots, J. W. Mills {Pacific 

 Rural Press, GO {1900), No. o, p. 09). — The autlior pruned experimentally 12 varieties 

 of apricots. One-half of each variety was pruned in July after the fruit was taken 

 off and the other half late in December. The late pruning considerably retarded the 

 ripening period of the apricots, the last picking of the July-pruned trees being taken 

 off before the first picking of the December-pruned trees was ripe. This prolonging of 

 the picking season is considered an important factor in securing the crop without loss. 



Varieties of sour cherries, U. P. Hedrick ( Utah Sta. Bui. 64, pp. 43-49, fig. 1) . — 

 The author discusses the possibility and profits of sour-cherry culture in Utah and 

 describes 23 varieties growing at the station. A table is given showing the yields in 

 pounds and marketing period of the same varieties for the 2 years 1898 and 1899. 

 Small plantings of sour cherries throughout the State are urged. Brusseler Braune, 

 Carnation, Ostheim, and Sklanka are among the best varieties growing at the station. 



Cherries in the West {Amer. Gard., 21 {1900), No. 293, p. .5..'C).— From remarks 

 made at the Nurseryman's A.ssociation it would seem that the Early Eichmond, Dye- 

 house, and Montmorency were the most satisfactory varieties to grow in the West. 



Cultivation of citrus fruits, E. Arno {La coltivazione degli agrumi. Palermo: 

 Alberto Reber, 1899, pp. 447, figs. 36). — The botany of citrus fruits, chemical analysis 

 of constituent parts, favorable topographic and climatic conditions for growth, cul- 



