DISEASES OF PLANTS. 355 



of u nunibor of rusts. The experiments were, with a single exception, 

 conducted in the greenhouse upon potted plants and, where the inocu- 

 lation had been successfully made, results appeared in from 6 to 14 

 days. 



Inoculations with the teleutospores of Puccinia 2>kraginitlH^ a com- 

 mon species of rust on Pliraginit'iH communis^ when sown on Rwmex 

 crmpu8 and R. ohtusifolia^ produced abundant tecidia. Teleutospores 

 of Pucclnid CO rivolvuli sown upon Convohmkis mpkun produced an-idia, 

 showing that this species of rust is autoecious. ^cidiospores from 

 yiJcidium nrticm, sown upon leaves of Carex striata, in 11 days pro- 

 duced uredospores of Puvc'inia ear Ids. Sowings on another species of 

 Carex failed to produce infection, ^cidiospores from Euphorhla 

 nutans were sown upon that species, as well as upon Eupliorhla 

 maculata. The uredo occurred on Euphorhla nutans, followed by 

 teleutospores. While not conclusive, the author thinks this indicates 

 that Uromyces euphorhla is an autoecious species. Teleutospores of 

 Phragmidium speclosum sown upon cultivated roses gave a Cieoma 

 indistinguishable from Cceoma miniata, and it is assumed that the 

 American rose Ceeoma belongs wholly to Phragmidium sjx'closum. 

 Ti'lphf'agmiuni uhnarm, according to the author, a hitherto luiknown 

 rust in America, failed to produce infection except when sown upon 

 Uhnaria ruhra. Teleutospores of Puccinia anfiericana from Andro- 

 pogon scoparlus, when sown upon Pentstenion puhescens, produced 

 jBcidia, and reciprocal infections of Andropogon scoparlus with secidi- 

 ospores from Pentstemon were successfully made. Spores of ^Ecldluin 

 lycopl, sown on Sclrpns atrovirens., produced the uredo form of Puc- 

 cinia angustata. Pticcmm windsoricB, a very common rust on Triodla 

 cuprea, is proved to be connected with the jEcldlnm pjteleoi of Ptelea 

 trlfollata by successful inoculations. The relationship between 7^;/*?- 

 clnia vilfce and jEcidium verhenicola is established by production of 

 the uredo form of Sporoholus long I folium when inoculated with a?cidi- 

 ospores from Verhena strlcta. In a similar way, connection between 

 Puccinia periderm lospora and ^Ecldlum fraxlni is established, the 

 teleutospores of the Puccinia readily producing the recidia when sown 

 upon Fraxinus inrldls. 



The smuts of Illinois agricultural plants, G. P. Clinton {Illinois 

 Sta. Bui. o7, pp. 289--jG0, pis. 10). — The author gives the results of 

 studies made during the past 5 years to ascertain the kind of smuts 

 infesting cultivated plants, the injuries inflicted by them, their life 

 histories, and the most practical methods of preventing their ravages. 

 The general structure of smuts is described, and directions given for 

 their prevention. 



Loose and Jddden smuts of oats (pp. 297-316). — These 2 smuts, due 

 to Ustilago avence and U. levis., have been under investigation, but the 

 prevention and infection experiments were mainly confined to the 



