FOODS — -JLNIMAL PRODUCTION. 



471 



made with meat and water only. The principal deductions, as given 

 in the abstract, follow: 



" Contrary to what might have been thought, the common salt does not aid in 

 dissolving meat in hot water, and . . . the vegetables furnish only 1 additional gram 

 of dry extract per liter. . . . 



"On account of the aUjuminoid su])stances it contains; on account of its sapid and 

 aromatic suy)stances which act by stinuilating the sense of taste and the secretion of 

 the stomach; in virtue of its creatin and xanthin bases, which, in small doses, 

 play, like caffein (which itself belongs to the xanthin group), the nMe of cardiac 

 and muscular tonics; owing to its organic phosphorized derivatives of lecethin; 

 owing, linally, to its assimilable soluble phosphates, well-made beef broth is at 

 once a food properly so-called, a stomachic which excites the gastro-intestinal secre- 

 tions, and a general tonic. This suffices to explain the vogue which the good beef 

 broth of our housewives has always had — and deservedly so, whatever may have 

 been the prevailing theories." 



Cattle foods, G. W. Shaw {Oregon Sta. Bid. 62, pp. 13, IJi).— 

 Analyses are reported of a number of feeding stuffs, including red 

 clover {Trifolium pratense), T. tridentatum, T. erioceplialwm, alsike 

 clover {T. hyh'ldum), T. ciliatum, T. incarnatuni, T. sp., meadow 

 foxtail {Alopecurus pratensii), English rye grass [Lolitmi p>erenne), 

 cheat {Bromus secalinus), vetch ( Viciasatwa), sweet vernal {Anthoxan- 

 thum odorcd'iDii), spurry {Spergula maxima), orchard grass {Dactylis 

 glomerata), tall oat grass {Arrlienatherum, avenaceuTn), meadow fescue 

 {Festuca pratensis), timothy {Phleum pratense), oat straw, wild barley 

 {Ilordeum maritimum), English fescue, native grasses (mixture), sach- 

 aline, sugar-beet pulp, salsify, wheat shorts, wheat, oats, and bran 

 mixture (equal parts), oat chop, and wheat chop. The composition 

 of a number of these materials is shown in the following table: 



Composition of some Oregon clovers. 



Trifolium. frirknfnfum . 

 Trifuliiiiii rn'dccjilialuin 



Tiijhiiinii nliiilHiii 



TrifoUmn incaniatum . 

 Trifolium sp 



Per cent. 

 9.51 

 8.58 

 10.29 

 11. .51 

 10.05 



Per cent. 



7.00 



7.03 



10.06 



10.92 



10.66 



Ether 

 extract. 



Per cent. 

 1.80 

 2.38 

 1.94 

 3.16 

 3.04 



Nitrogen- 

 free 

 extract. 



Per cent. 

 47.21 

 51.26 

 45.93 

 37.89 

 55. 02 



Crude 

 fiber. 



Per cent. 

 27.20 

 21.55 

 22.20 

 29.09 

 12.07 



Per cent. 

 7.28 

 9.20 

 9.58 

 7.43 

 9.16 



Changes in the chemical composition of feeding stuffs during 

 storage, H. Witt {K Landt. Akad. Handl. Tidskr.,39 {1900), No. 3, 

 p>2>. 139-lJi,6). — The author analyzed samples of feeding stuffs collected 

 in Northern Sweden by Kellgren and Nilson from 1889 to 1894 (E. S. 

 R., 4, pp. 768, 971; 5, p. 808) in order to ascertain what changes, if 

 any, occur in the chemical composition of the air-dry fodders during 

 prolonged storage. The samples were kept in the dark in tightly 

 stoppered bottles. The average results of 2 sets of analyses of 25 sam- 

 ples of grasses and legumes showed that before storage the dry matter 



