FOODS — ANIMAL PRODUCTION. 473 



bran, soy-1)oan meal, oil meal, and ground oats in place of Kafir corn 

 meal to prevent their l)ecoming too fat, as it was the intention to 

 use them for dairy purposes later on. All the calves were fed hay and 

 later were pastured. The skim milk fed 6 of the calves was obtained 

 from a crc^amery and was sterilized. During this process some water 

 was added to the milk. At first the calves did not relish the sterilized 

 skim milk on account of its peculiar odor, but they soon became accus- 

 tomed to it and ate it with relish. The remainder of the calves were 

 fed milk from a hand separator. All the milk was warmed before l)eing 

 fed. The authors state that no diiference was detected in the condition 

 of the calves fed the 2 sorts of skim milk. The skim milk was dis- 

 continued when the calves were 6 months old. The heifer calves then 

 weighed on an average 375 lbs. and the steer ^'alves 383 lbs. Those 

 fed creamer}" skim milk gained on an average 250 lbs. ; those fed hand 

 separator skim milk 251 lbs., about 2,500 lbs. of skim milk being con- 

 sumed in each case. The authors consider these figures remarkable, 

 since the creamery skim milk contained 10 to 12 per cent of water 

 added in the process of sterilizing. The calves fed the ration contain- 

 ing flaxseed meal gained on an average 1.55 lbs. per day; those fed the 

 ration containing Blatchford's calf meal, 1.0 lbs.; while those fed only 

 dry Kafir corn meal, in addition to skim milk, gained 1.S2 lbs. Blatch- 

 ford's calf meal cost $70 and the flaxseed meal $125 per ton. '' Neither 

 paid. And this experiment shows that such expensive feeds added to 

 skim milk are not onl\" unprofitable but useless, having practically no 

 effect on the gain." 



The average cost of a pound of gain the authors calculate to be 2.5 

 cts. The feeding was continued after weaning, the feeding stuff's used 

 being Kafir corn, corn fodder, sorghum, and alfalfa hay. As year- 

 lings the steers averaged 724 and the heifers 564 lbs. 



Feeding steers; feed value of cotton seed and its products, 

 J. H. CoNNELL and H. C. Kylp: {Ttxm Sta. Bui. 55., pp. 13 1-2 ll^., pi. 

 1). — Feeding steers (pp. 131-177). — Two tests with steers were under- 

 taken to study the value of corn meal, oats, and hay when added to a 

 cotton-seed meal and cotton-seed hull ration. The first test was made 

 with 2 lots of 7 and 2 lots of 14 steers each. The test proper began 

 December 24 and covered 140 days. For loo days lot 1 was fed cotton- 

 seed hulls and cotton-seed meal; lot 2, cotton-seed hulls, cotton-seed 

 meal, and sorghum hay. For the remaining 40 days of the test, corn- 

 and-cob chop was added to the ration of both lots. During the whole 

 test lot 3 was fed cotton-seed hulls, cotton-seed lueal, and corn-and- 

 co)> chop; and lot 4, cotton-seed hulls, cotton-seed meal, corn-and-col> 

 chop, and oats. The amounts of feed consumed and the gains made 

 by the different lots are given in full. Results are discussed for 100 

 days and for the whole pei-iod. The financial statement is based on 

 cotton-seed hulls at $3, cotton-seed meal at $15, sorghum hay at $0, 



