480 EXPEEIMENT STATION RECORD. 



deep bodies through the middle, and group 2 cow.s having a tendency 

 to lay on flesh. The average production of the 4 cows in group 1 was 

 8,288.1 lbs. of milk and 445.97 lbs, of butter, and of the 4 cows in 

 group 2, 6,817.6 lbs. of milk and 303.01 lbs. of butter. The cost of 

 food was respectively 130.82 and $28.21. 



The herd was increased during the winter of 1895-96, and a record 

 of each cow from the begiiniing of lactation in the fall until tlie herd 

 was turned out to pasture in the spring was compiled separately. 

 Sixteen of the cows were divided into the 2 groups noted above. 

 The cows in group 1 produced on the average 90.14 lbs. more butter 

 than the cows in group 2 and at an average cost of 1.95 cts. less per 

 pound. 



Record of cows durim/ 2^eTiod of lactation (pp. 416-440). — An indi- 

 vidual record is given of 15 cows during a period of lactation. The 

 average production of milk per cow was 7,227 lbs., and of butter 335 

 lbs. Variations in the amount and cost of butter production of indi- 

 vidual cows are noted. A summary of the records of 12 cows classified 

 according to the types mentioned showed an average production for 

 group 1 of 6,720 lbs. of milk and 446 lbs. of butter, and for group 2 of 

 5,077 lbs. of milk and 229 lbs. of butter, the net return in the 2 cases 

 being respectivel}' $38.11 and $10.37. 



Herdrecord for 1896 {^^. 441-457). — The herd contained 13 cows. 

 The results for the year are summarized in tables. The average yield 

 of milk was 7,454 lbs., containing 299.39 lbs. of fat and costing $22.12 

 for feed. The herd was again divided according to type. The cows 

 in group 1 gave an average yield of 8,580.3 lbs. of milk and 460.02 

 lbs. of butter, and the cows in group 2 6,248.9 lbs. of milk and 270.86 

 lbs. of butter. The cost of food in the two cases was respectively 

 $23.35 and $22.11. In discussing results the author says: 



"Five years of careful investigation in regard to the cost of production of butter 

 between cows spare and angular in form, and cows carrying considerable superfluous 

 tissue and having an inherited or acquired disposition to convert feed into flesh, 

 show that in every instance the cow that carried the least flesh charged the least for 

 butter, and just in so much as one cow was a little smoother and plumper than the 

 other would her butter product cost more than that of the other." 



The records also indicate that cows of the spare and angular type 

 remain in good service for a very much longer period than cows having 

 a tendenc}^ to lay on flesh. 



Yariation hi productive capacity of dairy cows and cost of jy^odiic- 

 tion (pp. 458-481). — The author reviews work previously reported 

 (E. S. K., 6, p. 925) and discusses at greater length the records of the 

 herd noted above, especially as regards cost of milk and butter pro- 

 duction, variation in the production of cows of diflerent types, varia- 

 tion in the amount of dry matter required for the production of butter 

 fat, amount of dry matter required for food of maintenance, and 

 testing dair}' cows. 



