684 EXPERIMENT STATION RECOKD. 



was found possible l)y experimental means to produce a variation of the lactic acid 

 bacteria exhibiting a very marked decrease in fermentative aljility, and this variation 

 was perpetuated without change through a long series of inoculations. The culture 

 obtained is not regarded as a new type, since the decrease in ability to produce acid 

 appears to be due to unavoidable conditions in the nutritive medium. 



Butter making for select trade and exportation, ]\I. E. 3IcDonxell {Pennsyl- 

 vania Dcjif. ^l</r. Rpl. 1S9'J, jit. 1, pp. ,/ij.)-.'77)- — The author gives notes on the dairy 

 industry in Europe and discusses methods of manufacture and cjualities required in 

 butter, especially that intended for shipment to foreign countries. The topics con- 

 sidered include the liandling of milk, pasteurization of cream and skim milk, selec- 

 tion and use of a starter, securing unifcjrmit}' in ripening, and churning, working, 

 salting, coloring, i)acking, and storing butter. 



The suppression of goat's milk in the manufacture of Emmenthaler cheese, 

 R. Steixegger {Milcli Ztg., 29 (1.900), No. 31, pp. .^6, .^57).— Experiments are cited 

 as showing the inferiority of goat's milk as compared with cow's milk in the manu- 

 facture of this cheese. 



VETERINARY SCIENCE AND PRACTICE. 



Report of the State veterinarian, L. Pearson {Pennsylvania 

 Dept. Agr. Rpt. 1S99, pt. 1, pp. 1^-181^).— \t is stated that the 

 repressive measures adopted against glanders have resulted in the 

 nearly complete extermination of this disease in the State. Anthrax 

 was reported from 12 counties during the year, and animals were 

 vaccinated against this disease on 83 different farms. The author 

 believes that the spread of anthrax is due largely to the neglect of 

 anthrax carcasses, which should be burned with great care. Blackleg 

 was reported from 8 counties during the year. It is recommended 

 that blackleg carcasses should be burned, as in the case of anthrax. 

 Rabies occurred in 12 counties among dogs, horses, hogs, sheep, cattle, 

 and man. Observations made on cerebro-spinal meningitis indicate 

 that contaminated water may be favorable to the outbreak of this dis- 

 ease. During the year, 56,387 doses of tuberculin were sent out from 

 the laboratory for testing dairy cows and breeding cattle in the State. 

 Hog cholera occurred in 16 counties. The outbreaks in most instances 

 were traceable to infected hogs shipped from the West or South. 

 Malignant dysentery of calves may be controlled, according to the 

 author, by the removal of cows from the infected premises 6 or 8 

 weeks before the calves ai'c l^orn. Brief notes are also presented on 

 actinomycosis, contagious ophthalmia, and sheep sea)). 



Summary of the year's pathological investigations, J. A. Gil- 

 RUTir ( Veterinarian ., 7S {1900), Xo. 870, pp. 301-315). — Brief notes are 

 given of an out>)reak of actinomycosis. The author studied a number 

 of cases of parasitic gastritis in calves. The disease was quite general 

 and occurred chiefly during the winter months. The symptoms were 

 acute and watery diarrhea lasting from 14 to 28 days, and resulting 

 in death. The disease was due to a parasitic worm {Strongyhis cer- 

 vicornis). The author believes the predisposing causes to this disease 



