683 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



after the other in each of 4 different localities. In some cases the 

 micro-organisms occurred in short chains or masses, while in others 

 they were in long chains. These are believed to be mere forms of one 

 species of streptococcus. Inoculations of 20 cc. of fresh milk from a 

 cow suffering from infectious mammitis were made into the udder of 

 2 healthy cows and 2 goats. One of the cows and one of the goats 

 developed the disease in the ordinary period of from 8 to 5 days. The 

 other goat proved to be inmiune, while the second cow gave signs of 

 the disease after a period of 2 weeks. Therapeutic experiments were 

 tried on a pregnant cow, which was infected in 3 quarters of the udder 

 with this disease. The green fodder which the animal had recently 

 received was replaced with hay. After a period of 20 days the milk 

 of this animal became clear and there was less sediment, and one week 

 later the streptococci entirely disappeared from the udder. The ani- 

 mal had recovered without treatment. Experiments in injecting iodid 

 of potash 1:1,000 parts and itrol 1:4,000 parts in lukewarm water into 

 the infected quarter of the udder after milking were without effect in 

 destroying the micro-organisms. The same was true where antistrep- 

 tococcus serum was tried, up to 30 gm. per day for 4 days. 



The colloidal silver preparation also had no effect in curing the 

 mammitis, 50 gm. of this substance in a 1 per cent aqueous solution 

 being injected into the jugular vein. Better results were obtained by 

 the use of citrate of silver in the form of a salve containing 2 parts 

 citrate of silver, 10 parts of camphor, and 88 parts of oil. This salve was 

 thoroughly rubbed into the skin of the udder for a period of 8 days in 

 the case of a cow infected with mammitis in all 4 quarters. The milk 

 gradually became clearer and the immber of streptococci diminished 

 until the milk was found to be normal at the end of 16 days. Experi- 

 ments with a salve containing cantharides indicated that this substance 

 when thoroughly rul)bed upon the skin of the udder produced a cure, 

 or decided improvement, in every case. The secretion of milk, how- 

 ever, was much diminished, and either ceased entirelv or remained 

 much below the normal. It was found that even when all possible 

 antiseptic precautions were observed the disease was spread by draw- 

 ing milk from an infected quarter of the udder and that the other 

 quarters of the same udder, or the udders of other cows, were more 

 apt to become infected than when the milk from infected udders was 

 not drawn. Accordingly it is recommended to cease milking parts of 

 the udder affected as soon as the disease is discovered. 



Stomach -worms in sheep, J, F, Hk^kman {Ohio Sta. Bid. 117, 

 jyp. 107-212., Jigs. 2). — Rather serious losses of sheep have been expe- 

 rienced in Ohio since 1896 from attacks of a stomach worm {Strongylm 

 contortu^i). The author gives a }>rief description of the worm and an 

 account of the method of infection, the symptoms, and the forms of 

 treatment which have already been recommended for this parasite. 



