ENTOMOLOGY. 771 



ning of the reproductive period. The majority of larvee reared inthi& 

 manner fails to come to maturity, partly for the reason that the apples 

 begin to decay and fungus nn'celia interfere with the life of the larvas. 

 Two stages were distinguished in the life of the sessile protected 

 larvre; one in which the appendages assisted the animal in locomotion, 

 and a second in which the soft parts of the appendages were resorbed 

 and the appendages became immoval)le. The author believes that 

 more emphasis should be laid on the fact that the exuvia; contribute to 

 the formation of the permanent scale, and that 2 independent scales 

 are formed out of wax previous to this time. A bibliography of the 

 subject is appended to the article. 



Field experiments with the strawberry root aphis, G. H. Powell 

 {Delaware Sta. Rpt. lS99^j_>]). 167-162). — A number of experiments 

 were conducted with remedies against the strawberrv root aphis. 

 Infested strawberry plants were dipped in a strong solution of tobacco 

 water before being set in the field, with the result that no apparent 

 effect was produced on the root aphis. Experiments were tried to 

 determine the effect upon the root aphis of fertilizing soil with muriate 

 of potash, kainit, and tobacco. Kainit was applied in quantities vary- 

 ing from 500 to 1,250 lbs. per acre, muriate of potash from 150 to 

 600 lbs., and tobacco from 500 to 2,000 lbs. The results of this 

 experiment indicated that it is unsafe to apply muriate of potash to 

 strawberry plants in rows; that not more than 750 lbs. of kainit should 

 be applied to the acre; that no injury resulted from the tobacco dust; 

 and that the different treatments had no effect on the multiplication of 

 the insect. 



In another experiment the svirface soil was removed from the sides 

 of several infested rows and the trenches thus formed were filled with 

 tobacco dust and covered with soil. Upon examination a month later, 

 after copious rains had fallen, no effect was noted on the aphis. 

 Experiments were tried in scattering tobacco dust over the strawberry 

 plants and on the soil for from 3 to 4 in. each side of the row. Appli- 

 cations of tobacco dust were made in April, June, July, and August. 

 As no decrease in the number of aphis was noted, even where tobacco 

 had been applied at the rate of 1 ton per acre, the experiment was 

 abandoned. 



In 1898, a piece of ground at the experiment station, which was 

 infested in 1897, was planted with Lima beans and cowpeas. In 1899, 

 this ground was again set in strawberries. The rotation of crops had 

 the effect of greatly reducing the seriousness of infestation. 



Brief notes are given on the life history and habits of this insect, 

 but the life history is thus far not worked out completely. The expe- 

 rience of strawberry growers indicated that the most serious infesta- 

 tion occurs on land that has been planted to corn during the previous 

 year. An apparent explanation of this fact is to be found in the 



