784 EXPEKIMENT STATION RECORD. 



months they produced considerably more than the cows not fed grain — enough more 

 to more than pay for the grain fed." 



Notes are given on the nature of the pasture used in the experi- 

 ments, on the management of cows on pasture in relation to bloat, and 

 on the relative effects of soiling and pasturing on lucern and mixed 

 grasses. 



The composition of human milk, Backhaus and W. Cronheim 

 {Btr. Laiuho. Just. Uni i:. Kvnigshtrg, 5 (1900), j?p. 61-73). — Analy- 

 ses of 12 samples are reported, made in connection with an investiga- 

 tion of the best method of modif^'ing milk for infants' use. The 

 results are compared with those of Camerer and Soldner. In agree- 

 ment with these investigators it was found that there was a discrep- 

 ancy between the total solids and the sum of the constituents of the 

 total solids as determined separately, amounting to from 0.68 to 2.045 

 per cent. This is held to represent an unknown constituent which 

 passes into the filtrate when the albuminoids are precipitated with 

 alcohol. Various attempts were made to determine the character of 

 this substance, and the means of isolating it. 



Two complete ash analyses of human milk are given. These showed 

 14.79 and 11.75 per cent of phosphoric acid, 17.3(3 and 15.52 per cent 

 of calcium oxid, and 33.74 and 27.33 per cent of potassium oxid, respec- 

 tively. These data are said to be higher in potash and lower in phos- 

 phoric acid and calcium oxid than the generally accepted average, for 

 the ash of cows' milk which has been used in making modified milk. 



On the composition of Danish butter, H. Faber {Analyst^ 25 

 {1900)., Aug.., pp. 199-201). — Data obtained in connection with the 

 ])utter shows in Copenhagen are given for 12,000 samples of milk 

 during 9 years. "The average is about 14 per cent [of water], most 

 samples having from 13 to 15 and very few less than 12 per cent or 

 more than 16 per cent." Analyses of Danish butter imported into 

 England during 1898 and 1899 are given by months, the Reichert- 

 WoUny figure, index of refraction, and Beechi test being reported. 



"In Denmark cows are generally housed from the middle of October to the middle 

 of May, and the calving takes place in autumn and winter. Correspondingly, we 

 find the Reichert-Wollny figure higher in tlie winter and spring than in summer, 

 and lowest in the autumn, the maxima (32.6 and 32.5) for the 2 years occurring 

 in JIarch, the minima (24.3 and 25.6) in October. The effect of moving the cows 

 from cold fields to warm byres in October, additional to the increased numT)er of 

 of new-calved cows, finds its expression in a rapid rise in the Reichert-Wollny 

 figure from October to November. ' ' 



The effect of food and of the individuality of the co-w on the 

 taste of milk and its tolerance, Backhaus {Bcr. Landir. Inst. 



Univ. Kunigi^erg, o (1900), jfjj. 110-126). — Cows were given a number 

 of different sorts of coloring matters, condiments, lactic and ])utyric 

 acids, etc. , and the effect noticed upon the color and taste of the milk 



