ENTOMOLOGY. 869 



water killed all locusts in from 5 to 15 minutes. Blue ^lottlcd Soap in proportion of 

 1^ lbs. to 5 gal. of water caused the death of locusts upon which it was sprayed 

 within about 5 minutes. 



Injurious fruit insects; insecticides; insecticide apparatus, K. A. Cooley 

 {Montana Sta. Bid. 2S, pp- 64-114, fi</s. 39). — Brief popular notes on the codling moth, 

 tent caterpillar, gooseberry fruit worm, pear slug, round-headed apple-tree borer, 

 flat-headed apple-tree borer, plum curculio, San Jose scale, oyster-shell bark-louse, 

 scurfy bark louse, woolly aphis, tarnished plant bug, pear psylla, currant flies, and 

 pear-leaf blister mite. Directions are given for the preparation and use of the com- 

 mon insecticides. 



Ceratovacuna lanigera, the vrhite plant louse of the sugar cane leaves, 

 L. Zehntxer {Meded FroefMat. Suikerriet, West Java, No. 49, pp. 30, ph. 2). — The 

 author believes that the injury caused to sugar cane by this species is greater than 

 has usually been supposed. The insect is described in detail in all its stages. The 

 natural enemies of these plant lice are rather numerous and active in its destruction. 

 Among the more important ones mention may be made of Encarsia flavoscutellum, 

 species of Chrysopa, Osmjdus, ladybirds, and Ephcstia cauteUa. 



Scale lice. Description and means of combating the most important scale 

 lice of the German fruit and grape industries, A. B. Fraxk and F. Kruger 

 {SchUdlaushurh. BefcJnribvng und Bekdmpfunrj derfllr den deuischen Obst- und Wein- 

 hau u'icldirjsfen J^cJiildlanse. Berlin: Paul Parey, 1900, pp. 120, figs. 39, pis. ^).— This 

 work contains a general discussion of the biology and economic importance, and 

 means of combati»ig the more injurious scale lice of Germany. The following sub- 

 jects are considered: Classification of the subfamilies of scale lice; the development 

 of scale lice; methods of reproduction; their influence on the host plants; means of 

 infestation of fruit trees and the natural enemies of scale lice; the direct and indirect 

 artificial remedies, including the care of trees, mechanical and chemical remedies, 

 such as lime water, arsenical preparations, creosol, lysol, soaps, petroleum, and hydro- 

 cyanic-acid gas; a descriptive and systematic account of the genera Aspidiotus, Dias- 

 pis, Mytilaspis, Par'atoria, Lecanium, and Pulvinaria; and tables for the identification 

 of the more important species. 



Scale on fruit trees {.Tour. Jamaica Agr. Soc, 4 {1900), Xo. 12, pp. 719,720). — 

 This paper constitutes the first of a series of leaflets which are to be issued by the 

 Board of Agriculture. It contains directions for preparing kerosene emulsion. 



Locomotion of the larvae of scale lice, L. Reh {Bat. 3Ins., Abt. Pflanzenschutz, 

 Hamburg, 2 {1899-1900) , pp. 6). — In order to determine the rapidity with which the 

 larvae of scale lice may move, the author placed a number upon a sheet of paper and 

 traced the course of the larvae by means of a pencil. It was found that the larvje of 

 the oyster-shell bark-louse moved from 1| to 2 cm. per minute, while the larvae of 

 Diaspis ostreicformis traveled about Ik cm. per minute. 



How to control the San Jose scale, C. L. Marlatt ( U. S. Depl. Agr., Diri.'sion of 

 Entomology Circ. 42, 2. .^er.,pp. 6). — The author believes that the San Jos4 scale can not 

 be exterminated where it has once become well established, but that it can be suc- 

 cessfully controlled. The most important insecticide methods for controlling this 

 insect are the lime, salt, and sulphur wash in California and in the East whale-oil 

 soap, pure kerosene, crude petroleum, mechanical mixtures of either kero.sene or crude 

 petroleum with water, and fumigation with hydrocyanic-acid gas. Brief directions 

 are given for the preparation and use of these insecticides. 



The structure of the border of the last abdominal segment of the San Jose 

 scale, II. :Meek\vakth {Bot. Mns., Abt. Pflanzen.^rhut-, Hamburg, 2 {1S99-1900), pp. 

 15, 2)1- 1, figs. 5). — This article is a detailed study of various anatomical features con- 

 nected with the exterior of the posterior abdominal segment of this insect. 



Report on the activity of the section for plant protection for 1899, C. 

 Brick {Bot. Mus., Abt. Pfianzenschuiz, Hamburg, 2 {1399-1900), pp. 3). — Tne author 



