VETEEINARY SCIENCE AND PRACTICE. 889 



tains a toxin which produces an elevation of temp?rature and other 

 symptoms when inoculated in rabbits and other laboratory animals. 

 The toxin appears to bo excoeding-h^ active, especially when inoculated 

 into the jugular vein. 



The disease can be transmitted experimentally either with pure 

 cultures, wdth isolated l)acteria, or with material collected from 

 animals- dead of this disease. In ducks and chickens the disease can 

 be produced by ingestion of pure cultures or virulent products mixed 

 with food. Death occurs in from 30 to 48 hours after eating such 

 material. The post-mortem appearances in these cases are exactly the 

 same as in cases of death resulting from the disease when acquired 

 under natural conditions. The rabbit was found to be most susceptible 

 and the guinea pig most resistant to inoculations with this organism. 

 By passing the organism repeatedly through a series of experimental 

 animals belonging to the same species, its virulence is increased for 

 this species. B}' passing this organism through rabbits, it was 

 observed that its virulence was decidedly increased for the rabbit, but 

 was not especially modified as regards the pigeon, and was attenuated 

 as regards its action upon guinea pigs. Repeated inoculation of ster- 

 ilized cultures into ral)bits and guinea pigs conferred immunity upon 

 these animals to the disease. 



The author believes that this disease should not be confounded with 

 chicken cholera. It differs from chicken cholera, especialh' in the 

 susceptibilit}' of different animals to the organism. The pathogenic 

 agent of the disease is an ovoid bacterium which seems to have acquired 

 an unusually high virulence. 



The epidemiology of malaria from recent observations, A. Celli {Centhl. 

 Bakt. u. Par., 1. AM., 38 {1900) , No. 17, pp. 530-535) .—T\\q author found that the dis- 

 tribution of malaria-bearing mosquitoes was more extensive than that of the disease. 

 The various species of mosquitoes may be carried in different ways to considerable 

 heights on mountain sides or into other localities where nialaria does not prevail. 

 Brief notes are given on the distribution of Anopheles daviger, A. pictus, A. pseudo- 

 pictufi, and .1. bifurcatus. 



Entozoa, A. E. Shipley {Fauna Hawaiiensis,2 {1900), Xo.i, pp. 4^7-446, ph. 2).— 

 The author gives brief notes on the parasitic worms found in the domestic animals 

 and man in the Sandwich Islands. 



A text-book of special pathology and therapy of domestic animals, F. 

 Friicdhercer and E. Frouxer ( Li'IirlmrJi iler .^pccieUi'n Fatholog'ie und Theraple der 

 HaiiKthiert'. Stuttgart: Ferdinand Enke, 1900, rol. 2, 5. ed., pp. 756). — This volume 

 contains chapters on the following sul)jects: Diseases of the nasal cavity; diseases of 

 the larynx; diseases of the trachea, bronchial tubes; lung diseases; diseases of the 

 pleura; chronic constitutional diseases, and contagious diseases in general. 



Bacteriological and pathological microscopy, T. Kitt {Bactericnkunde und 

 pathologisdie Mlkra.'^L-opie Jilr Thierarzte and Stndircnde der Thiermedicin. Vienna; 

 M. Perles, 1899, 3. ed., pp. 525, pis. 2, figs. 155) . — This volume contains an account of 

 technical methods for the study of pathogenic bacteria; preparation of sections of 

 pathological tissue; methods of inoculation of experimental animals; methods of 



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