DISEASES OF PLANTS. 963 



fruits, the pomaceous fruits suffering but slight loss. In Europe the 

 fungus is said to occur on plums, chei'ries, apricots, peaches, apples, 

 and p€»ars. While usually occurring upon the fruit, it also affects the 

 flowers and twigs. The life history of the fungus is described at con- 

 siderable length, and the author states that while there is some evidence 

 that the summer spores survive the winter, yet the principal source of 

 infection in the spring is the shriveled dried fruit commonly known 

 as ''mummies." which occur on the trees and upon the ground under 

 them. 



Results of spraying experiments for the prevention of this disease 

 are outlined, in which cooperative experiments on large numbers of 

 trees and experiments conducted at the station are described. The 

 best fungicides for use in spraying proved to be Bordeaux mixture, 

 composed of 3 lbs. of copper sulphate, 6 lbs. of lime, and 50 gal. of 

 water. Directions are given for the proper preparation and applica- 

 tion of the fungicide. Three applications of Bordeaux mixture, the 

 tirst given just before blossoming, and a fourth spraying of copper 

 acetate solution given when the fruit begins to color, has proved the 

 most advantageous treatment in the author's experience. By this 

 treatment the disease was almost entirely controlled, at a cost of 

 chemicals and labor not to exceed 6 cts. per tree for four applications. 



The leaf-spot disease of cherry trees, Muller-Thurgau {Jahres- 

 her. V.r.s. Sfut. u. S,-/nd<', W(i(/r/i.K>rt J/, 1897-98, jjjj>. 103-107.— The 

 common occurrence of a fungus, Clasteft'osporirniin amygdalearum, upon 

 the leaves of a cherry was noted. In addition to occurring on the leaf, 

 it is also found on the fruit and stems, and has a wide distribution 

 throughout parts of Europe, For combating this disease, the choice 

 of resistant varieties and individuals is recommended, as well as the 

 increased virility of plants by stimulating them with fertilizers. Cut- 

 ting out of badly diseased parts of trees and the working over of 

 the soil and destruction of refuse under the trees, are suggested. 

 Spra3nng beneath the trees and on the twigs before blossoming with 

 i to 1 per cent solutions of Bordeaux mixture is also suggested. 



The author reports the occurrence of the mycelium of Moiiilia 

 fi'uetigevd in the twigs of apples. 



Spot disease of the violet, P. H. Dorsett ( U. S. Dept. Agr. , 

 Ulci.sluii of VrgttahU, I^hyswlogy and Pathology Bid. 23, pj). 16, jd.^. 

 7). — The author describes a spot disease of the violet, which has proved 

 to be of serious effect in a numbei" of houses, where violet cultivation 

 has practically been abandoned on this account. The disease is due 

 to Altemaria violcB. It attacks the plants at any stage of their growth, 

 from a small unrooted cutting to a mature plant; and those plants 

 making the most vigorous and rapid growth are most suljject to the 

 disease. Any part of the plant above the soil is subject to attack, and 

 the ffrst appearance of the disease upon the leaves may be recognized 



