FOODS ANIMAL PRODUCTION. 975 



brood Hiiimally. Botli species are permanently established in tlie vicdnity of vine- 

 yards and become periodically from 4 to 5 times as numerous as usual and corre- 

 spondingly injurious. 



The role of insects in the forest, J. B. Smith {Rpt. State Geol. New Jersey, 1899, 

 pp. •205-23'£, fi[]s. 9). — The author gives popular accounts of a number of injurious 

 forest insects, among which mention may be made of gall wasps, the tulip soft scale, 

 ))ark beetles, ambrosia beetles, PnonoxystuH robiniie, and Lyctvft striatus. The agency 

 of birds in destroying forest insects is briefly discussed by the author, and notes are 

 also given on the more connnon insecticide methods for destroying such insects. 



An outbreak of Psilura monacha, E. Wohl {Illv.i. Ztxchr. Enl., 5 {1900), No. 

 23, pp. .364-366). — This insect is reported as having been unusually injurious for the 

 past 5 years in the forests of Obersclesien. The area which is sjjecially devastated 

 by the species includes several square miles. In localities where the injuries were 

 unusually severe, attempts were made to check the insect by collecting the eggs and 

 larva' and by the use of tar bands upon the trees. These methods, however, did not 

 prove very effective. 



Cyanid of potash as a remedy for phylloxera, Mytilapsis fulva, andParla- 

 toria ziziphi, G. Flokiaxo (*S'to2. Sper. Ayr. Hal., 33 (1900), No. 1, pp. .5-18). — ^The 

 author tried a number of experiments in inoculating cyanid of potash into grapevines 

 and citrus trees for the purpose of determining the extent to which it is absorbed l)y 

 the juice of the plant and whether it would kill insects which were feeding upon 

 plants at such times. When the cyanid of potash was applied at the vintage term 

 it was absorbed quite abundantly by the grapevines and distributed both upward and 

 downward from the point of inoculation. It was observed, however, that the phyl- 

 loxera continued to develop and multiply as on vines which were not treated. 

 When cyanid of potash was apjilied as a remedy against M. fulva and P. ziziphi on 

 citrus trees no benefit was observed; the plants were somewhat damaged and the 

 insects were not affected. 



Sprays and washes, C. W. Woodwortii {California Sta. Rpt. 1898, pp. 181, 182). ~ 

 The author gives formulas and directions for preparing Paris green, kerosene emul- 

 sion, rosin soap, lime salt and sulphur, .sulphid of potash, Bordeaux mixture, and 

 ammonia copper carbonate. 



Experiments with insecticides and fungicides, N. G. Muker.ii {Ann. Rpt. 

 Sibpirr Krj,t. Farm, 1809-1900, pp. 9, 10).— In combating the attacks oi Hi^pa senes- 

 cenn upon paddy, experiments were tried with a knapsack vaporizer and a number 

 of spraying bellows. The insecticides which were used included tobacco decoction, 

 kerosene enmlsion, turmeric; dust, and a powder containing ashes, lime, arsenic, soot, 

 and asafcetida. The last-named insecticide seemed to be very effective. 



The orchard and nursery inspection law {Ohio Sin. Rpt. 1900, pp. XXVII- 

 AXJX). — This is a copy of a law recently passed in Ohio to prevent the introduction 

 and spread of the San Jose scale, other dangerous insects, and contagious diseases 

 affecting various trees and plants. 



FOODS— ANIMAL PRODUCTION. 



Report of the analyst [on the adulteration of food and drug 

 inspectionj {Mmsachusetts State Bd. Health Rpt. 1899-1900, pp. 

 60o-iU),i). — Of the 4,435 .samples of milk analyzed, 27. *i per cent were 

 found to ]»e adulterated, and of the 2,615 samples of foods other than 

 milk, 14.S p(>r cent. In addition to other data relating to the subjects 

 discussed, the composition of a considerable number of samples of con- 

 densed milk is reported. 



