XU CONTENTS 



Page 



Total Estimate 34 



Sociability, Gregariousness and Dispersion 35 



Frequency 39 



Layering 41 



Fusion of Layers 42 



Subterranean Layers 42 



Vitality 44 



Degrees of Vitality 46 



Periodicity 47 



Aspect 47 



Diagrams of Periodicity 47, 



CHAPTER IV 



Synthetic Characters of the Community 52 



Presence 52 



Minimal Area 52 



Degrees of Presence 53 



Determination of Presence 53 



Presence and Constancy 53 



Determination of Minimal Area; Species: Area Curves 54 



Determination of Constancy 55 



Constancy Diagrams 57 



Constancy and Frequency 58 



Fidelity 58 



Degrees of Fidelity 59 



Differential Species 59 



Fidelity in Relation to Alliances and Orders 60 



Determination of Fidelity 60 



Regional and General Fidelity 62 



Causes of Fidelity 62 



Sociological Indicator Value of the Characteristic Species 64 



Indicators of the Specific Ecology of Communities 64 



Syngenetical Indicators 66 



Distribution of Communities and of Characteristic Species 67 



Characteristic Combinations of Species 68 



Procedure Recommended for Making Records of Vegetation and Con- 

 structing Association Tables 68 



Epiphytic Communities 73 



Association Tables 73 



Analysis of Floating Communities and of the Phytoedaphon 75 



Phytoplankton 75 



Phytoedaphon 76 



PART III. SYNECOLOGY OR COMMUNITY ECONOMICS 



CHAPTER V 



Climatic Factors 81 



1. Temperature 83 



Absorption and Radiation of Heat 83 



Temperature Graphs 85 



