326 



PLANT SOCIOLOGY 



Table 37. — Retrogression and Secondary Succession in the Mediterranean 



Garigue 

 (After Braun-Blanquet, 1925) 



Soil and vege- 

 tation 



Red earth on compact limestone {Quercus 

 coccifera scrub) 



Disturbed stony 



limestone soils 



(cultivated) 



Hunian 



interference . 



Burning and 

 pasturing 



Clearing and 

 pasturing 



Cessation of 



cultivation and 



pasturing 



Retrogression 

 in case of 

 permanent 

 overgrazing 



Brachypodietum ramosi (optimum) 



I Brachy podium ramosum-Phlomis 

 lychnitis association 



Microtherophyte 

 stage 



Thymus vulgaris- 



B. distachyon 



stage 



Maximum 

 retrogression 



Progression 

 after the 

 exclusion of 

 human 

 influence. . . . 



Asphodelus cerasi- 

 fer geophyte stage*^ 



Cistus monspel- 

 iensis and C. 

 albidus stage 



Juniperus 



-oxycedrus 



stage 



- Brack y- 

 podium 

 ramosuni 

 stage 



Euphorbia— 



Onopordon < 



stage 



Lavandula 



latifolia 



stage 



it 



^Genista scorpius 

 -thornbush stage 



Juniperus 

 oxycedrus ^ 

 stage 



Brachypodietum 

 ramosi (opt.) 



Rosmarinus- 

 Cistus stage 



Quercus coccifera stage (Quercetum cocciferae) 



1 



Quercetum ilicis (monspeliense) 

 (climax) 



