418 



PLANT SOCIOLOGY 



Fertilization, effect on vegetation, 285 

 Ferula communis, 275 

 Festuca, 291, 317 



alpestris grassland, 264 



glacialis, 148 



glauca assn., 186 



halleri, 71, 86, 310 



heterophylla, 69 



maroccana-Scutellaria demnatensis 



assn., 156 

 ovina, 63, 66, 191 

 pumila, 70, 319 

 spadicea, 156, 264 

 supina, 313 

 vallesiaca, 114 

 varia grassland, 264 

 violacea, 17 

 stage, 321 



-Trifolium thalii assn., 18, 121, 

 312 

 Festucetum alpestris, 365 

 eskiae, 365 

 glaucae, 183 



halleri, 13, 55, 63, 121, 324, 365 

 spadiceae, 63, 365 

 variae, 365 

 violaceae, 247 

 Festucion variae, 365 

 Ficaria verna, 47 

 Fidelity, 52 

 causes of, 62 

 concept of, 58 

 degrees of, 59 

 determination of, 60, 61 

 regional and general, 62 

 Fimbrisstylis annua, 364 

 Fir forest, 267 



Fire, bush, in Madagascar, 282 

 effects of, 279, 281 

 steppes of Madagascar, 327 

 Fires, for improvement of pastures, 

 280 

 influence upon forests, 283 

 Firmetum, 61, 171, 172, 176, 246, 



247, 312 

 Fissidens taxifolius, 69 

 Fixation of nitrogen, 235 

 Floating comnnmities, 367, 369, 370 

 Flocculatioii of soils, 208 

 Flora, of soil, 235 



Floral regions, 354 

 Flow of soil, 269 

 Flowering aspects, 48, 49, 92 

 Foehn, 96 

 Fog, 133 

 Fomes spp., 119 

 Fomitopis spp., 119 

 Fontinalis, 290 

 Footpaths, vegetation of, 14 

 Forest, climax and prairie boundaries, 

 353 

 communities, 372 

 converted into moor, 327 

 litter, 245 



acidity of, 174 

 seres, 336 

 soils, 250, 253 

 Formation, 302 



climax, concept of, 306 

 definition of, 302 

 Forna, 245 

 Fragaria, 239, 291 



vesca, 192 

 Frangula-Salix cinerea scrub, 332 

 Frankenia, 201 

 pulverulenta, 230 

 reuteri, 186 

 thymifolia, 197 

 Fraxinus, 338 

 excelsior, 69 

 Frequency, 26, 39 

 determination of, 39 

 diagrams, 40, 41 

 of Raunkiaer, 39 

 Frost damage, 85 

 period, 86 

 -pockets, 86 

 resistance to, 88 

 Frullania dilatata, 16 

 Fruticose Uchens, 292 

 Fucaceae, 346 

 Fucus serratus, 195 

 Fumana, 297 



bonapartei, 189 

 Fumaroles, 203 

 Funaria, 280 

 Fusarium, 237, 309 



