MORPHOLOGICAL REVISION OF THE SUBORDER. 149 



entirely anterior to the spine. The first pair of processes stands out straight from the 

 spine. The one on the left side has two small processes given off from its base ; above 

 there are ten processes on each side. The apex of the spine is sharp and nearly cir- 

 cular ; the top is marked by a shallow pit. 



The thirteenth has a complete centrum and more than one-half of the spine. The 

 centrum is elongate and the articular ends are round ; the edges are not reverted 

 except at the angulation on the middle of the edge where the capitulum of the rib 

 enters. The sides of the centrum are contracted below the notochordal canal by an 

 elongate depression which does not reach the ends ; this contracts the bottom line 

 into a blunt keel with a longitudinal depression on the mid-line. The transverse pro- 

 cess is very strong with a wide articular face for the tuberculum of the rib. The 

 whole process is inclined forward so that nearly the whole of the process is anterior to 

 the centnmi. The spine is notably bent to the rear. 



t\x^ fourteenth SLXiAjifteenth are very similar to the thirteenth. 



The sixteenth has the depression on the side of the centrum below the noto- 

 chordal canal smaller and more shallow, so that the keel is less apparent, but there is 

 still a longitudinal depression on the mid-line. An attached intercentrum is small 

 and slender without anterior articular faces or expanded ends ; evidently the capitulum 

 of the rib found its main articulation against the edges of the adjacent centra. The 

 spine is bent well back and somewhat curved, the apex is slender with a shallow pit. 

 This is the last perfect spine. 



The seventeenth is similar to the sixteenth ; the spine is as long as the complete 

 spine of the eleventh. The faces for the capitulum on the centrum are very strong. 



The eighteetith and nineteenth are similar to the sixteenth. On the last the 

 transverse processes are no longer inclined forward, but stand out straight from the 

 side of the neural arch. 



The twentieth has the spine very sharply bent backward. A small intercentrum 

 lies between the nineteenth and twentieth. 



In the twenty-first the inferior supporting process of the transverse process is 

 very weak. 



The twenty-second is represented by a fragmentary spine and neural arch. 



On the twenty-third (first lumbar ?) the expansion of the sides of the centra for 

 the capitulum of the ribs is no longer present. 



On the twenty-fourth the transverse process is verj' short and a face suddenly 

 appears on the anterior edge of the centrum for the capitulum of the rib. 



The tiventy-fifth is similar to the twenty-third, the spine is bent back in a half 

 circle overlying the sacrals and caudals. The imperfect spine measures 478 mm. 



The tiventy-sixth has a very short spine not more than 10 mm. long; if this spine 

 or the spines of the succeeding vertebrae were longer they would come in contact with 

 the overhanging spine of the twenty-fourth. 



Theyirj/ sacral has a short spine with a strong rib and carries a wide distal face 

 for the ilium. The rib rises from the neural arch alone, instead of from the centrum, 

 in part. 



The ribs: There are several nearly complete ribs preserved; one from the 

 cervical region is distinctly two-headed, the tuberculum and capitulum being widely 

 separated. In the dorsals the rib has a distinct head and then rises sharply so that 

 the shaft rests against the end of the transverse process and the tuberculum is repre- 



