1881.] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 141 



These folds are disposed in rather a spiral manner, and are so 

 Olosely set together and developed that the cavit};' of the tube is 

 almost obliterated. It is difficult, indeed, to conceive how the 

 penis can introduce itself if this is the vagina, the rugosities being 

 capable of otfering great resistance. The folds, however, gradu- 

 all}^ fade away, and in the lower four inches of the genital tube 

 the mucous membrane is smooth or slightly folded longitudinally. 

 It is this part of the tube which appears to me is the vagina. It 

 opens into the genito-urinary vestibule by a distinct aperture, 

 through which a probe was passed without difficulty. According 

 to Gratiolet,^ thie vagina was imperforate. The female urethra, 6, 

 is about an inch long, and is closely connected with the lower 

 part of the vagina, the openings of the two tubes into the genito- 

 urinary vestibule being situated almost next to each other. Just 

 in front of the opening of the vagina a ridge is seen, and on either 

 side of this ridge there ai'e two small sinuses in which the orifices 

 of the vulvar vaginal glands open. Externally, the vulva appears as 

 a circular fleshj^mass, 14 inches in circumference, surrounding and 

 leading into the genito-urinary vestibule. There is no appearance 

 of external or internal labia, and a perinseum can hardly be said to 

 exist, the rectum lying directly against the vulva. Within the 

 vestibule there is quite a large sinus, s (next to the rectum). 

 There was nothing particularly noticeable about the clitoris, cl, 

 except that the prepuce was very well developed. 



The female generative apparatus of the Hippopotamus is in 

 every respect essentially like that of the Peccary, the only differ- 

 ence being in the relative size of what I have described as the 

 body and neck of the uterus. The bod}'- of the uterus in the 

 Peccary being relatively larger than the cervix. The peculiar 

 disposition of the mucous membrane in folds is seen in the cervix 

 of both animals. It is with some diffidence that I have ventured 

 to consider as cervix the part of the genital tube usually described 

 as vagina, for anatomists, even in the Peccary, consider the rugose 

 portion of the tube to be the vagina. Clark ^ seems, however, to have 

 the same opinion as expressed by me, as to the homology of the 

 parts. The two teats were situated in the inguinal region, and 

 although the mammary gland was but little developed externally, 

 on section the milk-ducts could be easilj^ recognized. 



' Op. cit., p. 401. 



^ Compare op. cit., p. 195. 



