326 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [1881. 



Cumberland proposed in 1826 the name Amphora for two very 

 distinct species, wliicli were distinguished by him by numbers. 

 His species No. 1, represents a lobed species of Actinocrinus 

 Miller, while his No. 2 is Amphoracr. Gilbertsoni Austin. Cum- 

 berland's descriptions of the genus (?) Amphora, were evidently 

 taken from his first species, for he describes it as resembling in 

 outer form " a wine Amphora with five handles for suspension 

 and a central neck to pour from," which applies well only to PL 

 C, fi<'-. 5. This species must therefore be considered the type of 

 Amphora if taken in a generic sense, but being a species of 

 Actinocrinus, the name became a synonym, and Austin was 

 perfectl}' at liberty to remodel it into Amphoracrinus, or even 

 propose an entirely new name. Austin's Amphoracr. crassus and 

 A. granulosus, which were mentioned in connection with the 

 genus, have never been defined. Goldfuss, in 1848, used the 

 name in a specific sense, not being aware that Phillips had already, 

 in 1836, adopted for Cumberland's " ^mp/iora No. 2 " Miller's 

 MS. name " GilbertsonV^ 



Roemer and Hall have both confounded Amphoracrinus with 

 Agaricocrinus, with which the form of the body has a slight 

 resemblance, but from which it differs material!}^ in the arrange- 

 ment of plates ; in having the radials laterally extended ; in the 

 subcentral anal tube, and also in the arm structure. 



Meek and Worthen at first brought Amphoracrinus into con- 

 nection with Dorycrinus Roemer, from which it differs as much 

 as from Agaricocrinus. Dorycrinus has delicate arms, ai'ranged 

 in pairs, a comparatively deep calyx, and a lateral anal opening. 



Amphoracrinus is a somewhat aberrant form, but its closest 

 affinities are evidently with the ActinocrHnites, with which it 

 agrees in the lobed form of the body, in the general structure of 

 the vault, in the arrangement of the anal plates, and in the 

 position of the anal tube ; while in the depressed form of the 

 calyx it resembles the Agaricocrinites, and in the arms it is 

 somewhat like the Periechocrinites. 



Generic Diagnosis. — Body higher than wide, decidedly lobed ; 

 symmetry bilateral. Calyx short, composed of comparatively few 

 plates, lower portions, up to arm bases, from saueer-shaped to 

 slightly convex, but never concave. Dome highly elevated, and 

 somewhat inflated, especially toward the posterior side, which is 

 extended into a subcentral or excentric anal tube. Surface of 



