124 Hopewell Mound Group 



loughby lead observers to believe that most of them are cosmic symbols. 

 They show great variation in form, ranging from small objects with an 

 elevated circular centre and expanding wings (Plate LXI, Nos. 1-4) to 

 the large complicated designs shown in Plate LXVIII, No. 4. 



In Plate LXI, Nos. 5-7, are shown three prong-like objects, made of 

 very thin copper, which were 25 cm long. The base of the most perfect 

 one shows a perforation. In Plate LXI, Nos. 8-9, are illustrated two 

 other objects whose form suggests that of Nos. 5-7, although with 

 marked differences. The figures of Plates LXII and LXIII suggest 

 the head of a serpent. Those in Plate LXIII are not tmlike the oval 

 and wing walls or "plumes" lying at the head of the Serpent Mound in 

 Adams County, Ohio. Plate LXIY illustrates three similar objects, 

 much corroded. Plate LXVIII, No. 4, is probably the best and most 

 interesting of all the stencils. It evidently represents the head of a 

 serpent. The two perforated disks a little back from the pointed end 

 probably represent the eyes. The object has been mended in two places, 

 but the repairs do not come out well in the photograph. Willoughby 

 in his article published in the Holmes Memorial Volume, suggests the 

 placing of the forked objects (Plate LXI, Nos. 5-7) above this head, 

 representing the forked tongue or fangs. In Plate LXV, Nos. 1-2, are 

 shown two designs of unknown significance, cut from very thin metal 

 and beautifully made. We will assume that in the design of No. 1 the 

 maker first cut out the three oval perforations. This left the three 

 projections, and small circles were then cut in the centre of these. 

 Thus the symbol "three" occurs three times, although I am unable to 

 say whether this has any significance. In the other design there are 

 four arms, each of which is turned at the end, leaving a small opening. 

 Between these arms there are four leaf -like projections each of which 

 is perforated with a circle. At the base of each of these projections 

 there is a small perforation which probably served for the attachment 

 of the object. Thus the symbol "four" occurs four times. 



One of the large stencils which seems to have been divided into 

 four parts is shown in Plate LXV, No. 3. The proportions of the 

 different parts are nearly perfect. All around the margin of this object 

 are small perforations, probably for attachment. Plate LXVI, Nos. 

 1-2, must be classed as one of the designs of unknown significance. 

 It seems probable that they are the halves of large double ornaments. 

 In Plate LXVII, Nos. 1-2, are shown two swastikas. A number of 

 these, large and small, were found. In Plate LXVI, Nos. 3-4, are 

 represented thin, toothed strips of copper, very naturally called saws. 

 They are too small and thin to have been used as tools, however. They 



