IX. CAPPAHIDEiE. 89 



e 



Oeder IX. CAPPARIDE^. 



Flowers usually hermaphrodite. Sepals 4 to 8, either iu a single scries, 

 free or united in a campanulate calyx, or 3 outer and 2 inner ones. Petals 

 usually 4, imbricate, rarely 2 or none. Torus either small or expanded into 

 a disk or lengthened into a straight or curved stalk to the ovary. Stamens 

 inserted at the base or" the summit of tlie" torus or ^talk of the ovar}% definite 

 or UKlefinite, all perfect or some reduced to staniinodia. Ovary 1-celled, with 

 J or usually several parietal placentas, which sometimes protrude so as to 

 divide the ovary into imperfect cells. Stigma sessile or borne on a distinct 

 style. Ovules usually rmmerous, rarely solitary, anatropous. Fruit either a 

 capsule, with the valves separating from tlie persistent septum or placentas as 

 in CrucifertB, or indehiscent and succulent, or rarely dry. Seeds reniform or 

 angular, without or with only a veiy thin albumen. Embryo curved, the co- 

 tyledons incumbent, folded, or convolute, very rarely flat. — Herbs or shrubs, 

 varely trees. Leaves alternate or veiy rarely opposite, simple, or consisting 

 of 1 to 5 digitate leaflets, with or without stipules, which when present ar 

 occasionally prickly. Flowers either solitary or clustered in the axils of the 

 leaves, or more frequently in terminal racemes. 



The Order is pretty generally distributed over the warmer and tropical regions of both the 



^ew aud the Old World. Of the following creuera, two only, of one species each, and both 



anomalous iu the Order, are peculiar to Australia, the other three are widelv- spread tropical 

 genera. ^ 



Herbs with a capsular fruit. 



orus short, the stamens inserted immediately within the sepals 

 and petals. Seeds several. 



Mameus 4 to 6, or rarely 8 1. Cleome. 



Stamens 8 to 16 . 3. roi.ANisiA. 



orus elongated, bearing the stamens at the top under the ovary, 

 stamens all perfect, with long lilamcnts. Leaves alternate, with 



digitate leaflets. Sepals! Seeds several ....... . 3. GrNANDROPSis. 



stamens very short, those on one side only bearing anthers. 

 Sh k ^^^'^^ opposite, undivided. Cplyx 5-lohed. Capsule 1-seeded. 4. Z-MBlixgia. 

 nnibs or trees, with an iudehisccut succulent fruit, 

 ^^^les and seeds many. 



Torus elongated, with a tube-like appendage at the base , . . . B. Cadaba. 

 ^— -' • •- 11 o . 6. Cai^paris. 



Sepals imbricate, 



^^oms small. kaine7its iVng'^'"^ TT 7. Apophyllum. 



leaves opposite. 'Flosvcrs hermaphrodite- Calyx 5-lobed. Torus 

 elongated, with a lobed disk at the top, with authers ou cue side 4. Emrlingia. 



1. CLEOME, Linn. 



Sepals 4, sometimes united in a 4-toollied calvx. Petals 4, nearly cquaL 

 ptameus 6, rarely 4 or 8, all or some only perfect; inserted on the short tonis 

 "imediatdy within the petals. Ovary sessile or stalked, with many ovules, 

 i*|e stigma sessile or on a short subulate style. Capsule usudly elongated, 

 ^essiic or stipitate. Seeds many, reniform, usually rough or upolly.— Herbs, 

 ^^th^'i' glabrous or o-landular-Pubeseeut. Leaves with 3 to 7 digitate leaflets, 



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