264 168 



Largest specimen: Long. 31 mm., alt. 26 mm. 



Distribution: — Singapore (low water, Sv. Gad), Poulo Condor, Philippines. 



It is very disheartening to look through the literature of the species of the 

 genus Chama, and of their distribution, because of the uncertainty and casuality 

 which prevail in it ; this is of course for the greater part due to the bad diagnoses 

 and figures in which the characteristic marks of distinction, e. g. in the sculpture, 

 are disregarded, and instead are given long descriptions of insignificant and usually 

 individual details pertaining to colour and outline; but certainly authors are often 

 too careless in determining solitary specimens without having a large quantity of 

 material at their disposal for comparison — better no determination than an 

 erroneous one. It is very characteristic when Ed. v. Martens' says "Die Arten dieser 

 Gattung sind sehr schwer gegeneinander abzugrenzen, daher ihre Bestimmung und 

 Benennung oft etwas willkürlich," and A. H. Cooke ; '-' "It would be impossible 

 here to enter into a discussion of the facts in the case of a genus notoriously so 

 variable as Chama, when Reeve has made fifty-five species out of material prob- 

 ably better represented by ten." 



Chama fragum, Reeve. 



Chama fragum, Reeve, Conchol. icon., IV, 1847, Chama, Sp. 48. 



— — — Martini u. Chemnitz, Conchyl. Cabin., VIII, 4 Abtli., p. 22, pi. 10, figs. 2-3. 



— — — Crosse & Fischer, Journ. de Concliyl., vol. XL, 18Ü2, p. 76. 



Koh Kram, 30 fathoms (Vi). S. of Koh Chuen, 30 fathoms, shells (2). Koh 

 Chang, at low tide (1). North end of Koh Chang, 1 fathom, old coral blocks (2). 

 The sound between the stations, 3— 5 fathoms, soft clay (1). Coast of Lem Ngob C/s). 



West coast of Cambodge in the Gulf of Siam (Pavie). 



Long. 27 mm., alt. 31 mm. 



Distribution:— Persian Gulf (Melvill & Standen), Aden (Shopland), Red 

 Sea (Sturany). — Philippines, Hong Kong, Spencer's Gulf, South Australia? (Angas), 

 Samoa and Cook's Isis.'? (Mus. Godeffroy). 



Chama granulata, Clessin, ' is probably nothing else but the present species. 



Chama cristella. Lam. 



Chama cristella, Lamarck, Hist. nat. d. aniin. s. vert., VI, 1819, p. 96. — éd. 2, 1835, VI, p. 585. 



— — — Reeve, Conchol. icon,, IV, 1847, Chama, Sp. 42. 



— Reeveana, Clessin, Martini u. Chemnitz, Conchj'I. Cabin., VIIl, 4 Abth., p. 38, pi. 16, figs. 3 — 4. 



Between Koh Mesan and Koh Chuen, 15 fathoms, stones (2). S. of Koh Chuen, 

 30 fathoms, shells (1). 



Long. 21 mm., alt. 28 mm. 



Distribution:— Mergui Archip., Moluccas (Clessin). — Java, Celebes, 

 Spencer's Gulf? (South Australia, Angas). 



' Die Mollusken d. Maskarenen u. Seychellen, 1880, p. 147. , 



- Annals and Magaz. of Nat. Hist., Ser. 5, vol. 18, p. 96. 



' Martini u. Chemnitz, Conchyl. Cabin., loc. cit., p. 4U, pi. 17, fig. 4. 



