vi CONTENTS 



Section 3. Embryology in the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries page 125 



3-1. The Opening Years of the Seventeenth Century 125 



3-2. Kenelm Digby and Nathaniel Highmore 1 29 



3-3. Thomas Browne and the Beginning of Chemical Embryology 135 



3-4. William Harvey 138 



3-5. Gassendi and Descartes; Atomistic Embryology 1 56 



3-6. Walter Needham and Robert Boyle 160 



3-7. Marcello Malpighi; Micro-iconography and Preformationism 166 



38. Robert Boyle and John Mayow 169 



3-9. The Theories of Foetal Nutrition 176 



3-10. Boerhaave, Hamberger, Mazin 1 82 



3-11. Albrecht v. Haller and his Contemporaries 188 



3-12. Ovism and Animalculism 1 99 



3-13. Preformation and Epigenesis 205 



3-14. The Close of the Eighteenth Century 215 



3-15. The Beginning of the Nineteenth Century 220 



PART III 



General Chemical Embryology 



Preliminary Note 231 



Section i. The UnfertiHsed Egg as a Physico-chemical System 232 



I • I . Introduction 232 



1-2. General Characteristics of the Avian Egg 232 



1-3. The Proportion of Parts in the Avian Egg 236 



I -4. Chemical Constitution of the Avian Egg as a Whole 242 



1-5, The Shell of the Avian Egg 255 



1-6. The Avian Egg-white 265 



17. The Avian Yolk 280 



1-8. The Avian Yolk-proteins 287 



i-g. The Fat and Carbohydrate of the Avian Yolk 294 



I -10. The Ash of the Avian Egg 302 



I -I I. General Characteristics of non- Avian Eggs 306 



I-I2. Egg-shells and Egg-membranes 321 



1-13. Proteins and other Nitrogenous Compounds 331 



1-14. Fats, Lipoids, and Sterols 346 



1-15. Carbohydrates ^. 355 



i-i6. Ash 357 



