HOST-PARASITE RELATIONS: INTESTINAL PROTOZOA 



Trichomonas vaginalis in women. This species (Fig. 

 7) is widespread and a high incidence of infection has 

 been reported by several investigators. It not only lives 

 in the vagina but has been reported in the urinary tract 

 of males. Recent surveys furnish the following data. 

 Brumpt ( 1913) found it in over 10 per cent of the women 

 examined at a gynecological clinic in Paris; Barlow 

 (19 1 6) in 5 per cent of 100 women at a similar clinic 

 in St. Louis; Reuling (1921) in 18.4 per cent of 250 

 women in a clinic in Heidelberg; Ponoschina (1923) in 

 30 per cent of 55 women, but not in 22 girls from 2 to 

 14 years of age; and Hegner (i925d) in 50 per cent of 

 32 women in Honduras and Costa Rica. 



Trichomonas vaginalis in men. The trichomonads that 

 have been reported on several occasions from men pre- 

 sumably belong to this species. The first authentic case 

 seems to be that of Marchand (1894) who discovered 

 them in the urine of a man sixty years of age suffering 

 from a fistula in the perineum ; the flagellates were noted 

 in the urine daily for some time. In the same year Miura 

 (1894) found them in the urine of a Japanese man; he 

 concluded they were located in the urethra and that the 

 infection came from the man's wife who was found to 

 harbor flagellates in her vagina. Dock (1896), who de- 

 scribed the above cases, reports a third case in a student 

 at Ann Arbor, Michigan, 27 years of age, who passed 

 trichomonads in large numbers in his urine that pre- 

 sumably came from the infected bladder. This young 

 man denied coitus, and how he became infected was not 

 determined. Hegner (Hegner and Taliaferro, 1924) 

 saw trichomonads in the urine of a man but had no 



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