GROUP ORGANIZATION 203 



The available records do not allow an exact com- 

 parison with the peck-order I have described for 

 various birds. The observers were interested in re- 

 cording and analyzing the following bits of behavior: 



1. Total contact reactions. 



2. Reactions of one child toward another, which 

 they call to reactions. A to reaction by one child 

 will be a jrom reaction for the child receiving the 

 attention. 



3. Whether the reactions are initiated or are re- 

 sponse bits of behavior. An illustration will help to 

 make this clear. If A pushes Y, it is regarded as an 

 initiated to reaction by A, while Y is credited with 

 a from reaction. If Y pushes back, then this is a re- 

 sponse to reaction for Y and a from reaction for A. 



4. They also record which child watched which 

 one. 



I shall not use all these distinctions for my points 

 can be made accurately with only part of them. 



As shown in Figure 42, certain reactions are 

 summarized in the top row for the entire period 

 from the twenty-second to the thirty-sixth month, 

 and in the lower row the same reactions for the last 

 four months of the study, from the thirty-second to 

 the thirty-sixth month. The left-hand diagrams give 

 the total contact reactions during these respective 

 periods. The center diagrams show the total to reac- 



