460 BIOLOGY OF THE PROTOZOA 



Sub-class I. HELIOZOA Haeckel. 



1. Naked forms; no gelatinous mantle or 



skeleton Order 1 . Aphrothoraca 



2. Gelatinous mantle present; no spicules 



or foreign bodies Order 2. Chlamydophora 



3. With isolated or united spicules or plates 



Order 3. Chalarothoraca 



4. With fenestrated test Order 4. Desmothoraca 



Order I. APHROTHORACA Hertwig. 



1 . Individuals without stalks 2 



Individuals with stalks 6 



2. Ectoplasm and endoplasm clearly differ- 



entiated — multinuclear 3 



No clear differentiation between endoplasm 

 and ectoplasm 4 



3. No central granule in which axial filaments 



unite Genus Actinosphaerium Stein 



With central granule Genus Gymnosphaera Sasaki 



4. Axial filaments end in nuclei 5 



Axial filaments end in central granule 



Genus Oxnerelln Dobell 



5. All axial filaments end in the single nucleus 



Genus Actinophrys Ehrenberg 

 Multinucleate, each nucleus with one axial 

 filament Genus Camptonema Schaudinn 



6. Stalk hollow Genus Actinolophus Schultze 



Stalk solid Genus Haeckelina 



Mereschkowsky 



Order II. CHLAMYDOPHORA. 



1. Flattened; with central granule; often col- 

 onial Genus Spkaerastrum 



Central granule absent or not observed 



Genus Astrodisculus 



Order III. CHALAROTHORACA. 



1 . Elements of test embedded in outer plas- 



mic zone 2 



Elements of test not embedded in outer 

 plasmic zone 4 



2. Spicules chitinous, fine, radially arranged 



Genus Heterophrys Archer 

 Spicules silicious, similar or dissimilar .... 3 



3. Spicules loosely embedded ; all alike . Genus Raphidiophrys Archer 

 Spicules of diverse forms and sizes. .Genus Raphidiocystis Penard 



4. Individuals without stalks 5 



Individuals with stalks having silicious 



membrane Genus Wagnerella 



Mereschkowsky 



5. Test of foreign bodies 6 



Elements of test made by organism 7 



