236 



DRY AND MESOPHYTIC FOREST COMMUNITIES 



best to treat all phases together, simply mentioning the points of 

 difference. 



a) Subterranean- ground stratum. — Earthworms, borers in the roots of 

 trees, and cicada nymphs are numerous. The wolf, groundhog, and 

 the red fox (Vulpes fulvus Des.) nest in burrows. The latter brings 

 forth from four to nine pups in early spring. 



Consocies of the under side of leaves and wood: The camel cricket 



A Mesophytic Forest 



Fig. 215. — General view of the Higginbotham woods near New Lenox. Woods 

 of the flood-plain oak-hickory type. 



(Ceuthophilus) (Fig. 216), young cockroaches, the short- winged grouse 

 locust (Tettigidea pennata Morse), and the yellow-margined millipede 

 (Fontaria corrugate) (Fig. 218) are most characteristic under the leaves. 

 The large round millipede (Spirobolus marginatus) (Fig. 217) is common. 

 Snails and slugs are numerous, several species {Polygyra pennsylvanica 

 [Fig. 219], P. profunda [Fig. 220], Zonitoides arboreus, Pyramidula alter- 

 nata [Fig. 221], Pyramidula solitaria [Fig. 222], Agriolimax campestris 



