HICKORY ASSOCIATION 



241 



A wasp (Polistes) builds its comb of wood pulp on the under side of 

 the leaves. Various larvae and beetles feed upon the leaves of the 

 undergrowth. A bug {Acanthocephala terminal is), a leaf-beetle (Calli- 

 grapha scalaris), the fork-tailed katydid (Scudderia furcata), the round- 

 winged katydid (Amblycorypha uhleri Brun.) (40), and various other 

 insects have been secured from shrubs, especially in slight open- 

 ings. The black snake (22) (now rare) often rests on bushes in such 

 forests. The black and yellow warblers and woodthrush nest on the 

 shrubs. 



The Standing Dead Oak and Inhabitants 



Fig. 231. — The successor of Passalus {Philomycus carolinensis) . 

 Fig. 232. — The work of a carpenter ant in the same tree. 



d) Tree stratum. — The walking-stick (Fig. 228) (Diapheromera femo- 

 rata) (40) is common on the tree trunks in the fall. The red oak 

 supports the tree cricket (Oecanthus angustipennis) , the stinkbug 

 (Euschistus tristigmus), and the oak-leaf beetle {Xanthoma 10-notata). 

 Felt records several insects injurious to the red oak alone. From the 

 white oak we have taken the katydid (Cyrtophillus perspicillatus), the 

 larvae of sawflies (Fig. 227) and moths (Anisota senatoria), and various 

 galls. Several weevils (Fig. 226a, b) occur on acorns, and the twig- 



