35^ 



ANIMAL COMMUNITIES 



Beetles — Continued: 



— Rhinoncus pyrrhopus, 208. 



— Saperda: 



concolor, 267, 276. 



lateralis, 276. 

 — Saprinus patruelis, 186, 219. 

 — Scarabaeidae, 207, 286. 

 — Silpha surinamensis , 253. 

 — Sphenophorns, 223: 



pertinax, 284. 

 — Staphylinus violaceus, 256. 

 — Stereo palpus: 



badiipennis, 219. 



mellyi, 188. 

 — Strangalia acuminata, 208. 

 — Synchroa punctata, 206. 

 — Tachinus pallipes, 260. 

 — Telephones lineola, 204. 

 — Tenebrionidae, 201, 217. 

 — Tetraopes tetraophthalmus , 270, 297. 

 — Thanasimus dubius, 194, 195, 206. 

 — Tharops ruficornis, 247. 

 — T amicus. See Ips. 

 — Trirhabda tormentosa canadensis, 276, 



293, 297. 

 — Tritoma unicolor, 244. 

 — Typophorus: 



canellus, 282, 284. 



canellus aterrimus, 188, 297. 



canellus gilvipes, 2g8. 



canellus sellatus, 188. 

 — Uloma impressa, 255. 

 — Xanthoma 10-nolata, 241, 260. 

 — Xylopinus saperdioides, 256. 



Behavior rhythms, related to tide, 34. 



Bionomics, 32. 



Biota, defined, 34. 



Birds : economic value of, 8-1 1 ; protec- 

 tion of, 8-1 1, 57; feeding grounds of 

 aquatic, 130, 132. 



Birds, scientific names: 



— Ar delta exilis, 171. 



— Empidonax trailli, 190. 



— Gallinula galeata, 171. 



— Tyrannus tyr annus, 228. 



— Xanlhocephalus xanthocephalus, 170. 



Bison, 14, 201, 283, 289. 



Bittern: American, 171; least, 171. 



Blackbird, red-wing, 171, 174, 175; 

 yellow-head, 170, 171. 



Black fly, 87-89, 93, 95, 105, 114, 116, 

 118. 



Blowouts, 229. 



Blue racer, 227. 



Bluebird, 242. 



Bluejay, 242, 244. 



Bobolink, 9, 167, 283, 289. 



Bobwhite, 269, 275. 



Borers: buprestid, 191; cerambycid, 

 191; of trees, 191; four marked, 191; 

 common to swamp forest trees, 191. 



Bottom: communities of, in Lake 

 Michigan, 77-80; distribution on, 

 107, 108; factor, 43; gravel, 91; 

 important, 64; in deep water, 80; lake, 

 125; pond, 140, 141; stony, 95; 

 stream, 86. 



Braconids, 290. 



Breeding: of aquatic insects, 65; of birds 

 (see common names of); of brook 

 fishes, 90-91; of lake fishes, 126; of 

 mammals (see common names of); of 

 mites, 129; of musk turtle, 130; of 

 pond fishes, 141. 



Bronzed grackle, 275. 



Brook trout, 31. 



Brook-mores of sowbug, 90. 



Brown thrasher, 268, 275. 



Buffalo fish, 130. 



Bullhead: 70; speckled, 126, 141, 156; 

 black, 102, 119, 120, 149, 156; yellow, 

 156. 



Bumblebee, 190. 



Bunting: indigo, 268, 274, 275; lark, 289. 



Buttonbush, 190. 



Cabbage butterfly, 221, 222, 227. 



Caddis-flies, 65. 



Caddis- worms: caseless, 88, 116; case- 

 weighting, 125, 126, 135, 140, 143, 

 155; leaf-tube making, 39, 105, 114, 

 121, 146, 148, 155, 174, 185; mores of, 

 126; sand-tube making, 39, 142, 143, 

 148, 155; sandy bottom, 135; spiral- 

 cased, 96, 99, 117, 121; stick-using, 

 101. 



Caddis- worms, scientific names: 



— Chimarrha sp., 116. 



— Goera, 125, 135, 140, 142, 143, 155. 



— Helicopsyche, 96, 99, 117, 121. 



—Hydropsyche, 39, 79, 93, 94, 95, 96, 

 105, 107, 118, 121, 123. 



— Leptoceridae, 143, 148, 39, 155, 442. 



— Limnophilidae, 117. 



— Molanna, 125, 134. 



— Neuronia, 39, 148, 155, 185. 



— Phryganeidae, 105, 114, 121, 146, 148, 

 174. 



— Polycentropidae, 135. 



— Rhyacophila, 88. 



— Rhyacophilidae, 88. 



