FOSSILS 21 



punctulata (called Anapesus carolinus or Echinus punctulatus) and also of 

 Lytechinus variegatus have been found well preserved in the post-Pliocene 

 beds of South Carolina (Holmes, i860). They were taken from excava- 

 tions made for tidal drains in the upper part of the city of Charleston. 

 A little earlier figure (without description) similar to the one of Holmes 

 under the name "Echino-cidaris, species doubtful," from the Pliocene 

 of South Carolina is given by Tuomey and Holmes (1857). Mortensen 

 (1935, M n, p. 566 and 1943, M HI 2, p. 446) considers this fossil 

 as possibly an ancestor of the present Arbacia punctulata, and the Ana- 

 pesus carolinus of Holmes as identical with the present form. (See also 

 A. Agassiz, 1883 b, p. 85). 



Lytechinus fossils have been found in Bermuda when dredging during 

 the construction of the air base at Castle Harbor in 1941-1943 (H. B. 

 Moore and D. M. Moore, 1946). 



