64 THE AMERICAN ARBACIA 



Arbacia incisa or stellata (Blainville; ? Gmelin) ; incisa preferred by 

 Clark, stellata by Mortensen; see Clark, 1948, p. 245. Lower California 

 to Peru, Gulf of California, Mexico, Gulf of Panama. Mil :575. 



Arbacia spatuligera (Valenciennes). West Coast of South America, Peru. 



M II : 577 

 Arbacia crassispina Mortensen. Only from Tristan da Cunha, Nightingale 



Island. M II : 580. 

 Arbacia dufresnii (Blainville) (A. alternans (Troschel)). South Coast of 

 South America, Chile, Strait of Magellan. Mil: 579. 



Genus b Tetrapygus 



Tetrapygus (Arbacia, Echinocidaris) niger (Molina). South America, 

 Peru, Chile, M II : 582. 



There are 6 other living genera and 14 fossil genera listed by Mortensen, 

 1935, M II : 547. See also Clark, 1946, p. 306. The living genera are: 

 Arbaciella, Coelopleurus, and the rare genera, Pygmaeocidaris, Dialitho- 

 cidaris, Habrocidaris, and Podocidaris. 

 Suborder C Camarodonta 

 Family i Temnopleuridae 



Temnopleurus toreumaticus (Leske). Indo-West Pacific, Japan to African 

 East Coast, Amakusa, Misaki, Korea, China, Philippines, Singapore, East 

 Indies, Australia, Ceylon, India, Iran. Egg 80 [jl, preserved (Onoda, 1936). 

 M III, 2 : 76. 



Temnopleurus hardvs'ickii (Gray). Japan, Hakodate, Asamushi, Misaki, 

 Korea, China. Egg 115 [i. (Motomura, 1950 unpub.). M III, 2 : 84. 



Mespilia globulus (Linne). Japan, Seto, Misaki, Korea, Phillipines, Malay 

 region, Samoa. Egg Soy. (Onoda, 1936); 110.8 \x (Dan, 1952 unpub.). 

 M III, 2 : 177. 



Salmacis virgulata L. Agassiz. Java Sea, Singapore,' Indian Ocean to Ceylon, 

 Torres Str., East Australia. May be confused with Temnopleurus alexandri. 

 M III, 2 : 134. 



Salmacis bicolor L. Agassiz. Indian Ocean, Java Sea. Egg 100 (x (Aiyar, 

 1935). M III, 2 : 112. 



Hypsiechinus coronatus Mortensen. Brood protecting. Southwest of Iceland, 

 Denmark Strait. M III, 2 : 296. 

 Family 2 Echinidae (Mortensen recognizes a family Toxopneustidae which 

 seems superflous to Clark.) 



Echinus esculentus Linne (E. sphaera). England, Plymouth, Ireland, Scot- 

 land, Denmark, Sweden, Norway, Iceland, France, Roscoff, to Portugal, 

 southern limit. One of largest urchins may measure 20 cm. Egg 180 /« 

 Plymouth (Shearer, de Morgan, and Fuchs, 19 14, p. 267) ; 145.9 fi Sweden 

 (Borei, 1935 unpub.). M III, 3 : 25. 



Echinus melo Lamarck. Mediterranean, Naples, Portugal, West Africa to 

 Cape Verde, Canaries, Azores, West Ireland. M III, 3 : 53. 



Echinus acutus Lamarck (E. flemingii). England, Plymouth, Ireland, Den- 

 mark, Norway, Iceland, Mediterranean, Naples, Nice. Egg 130-140^ 

 (Shearer, de Morgan, and Fuchs, 1914; p. 267). M III, 3 : 41. 



Psammechinus (Echinus, Parechinus) microtuberculatus (Blainville). West- 

 ern Mediterranean, Naples, Adriatic, Trieste. Egg 102 \i Naples (E.B.H., 

 1933a; 1938a). M III, 3 : 139. 



Psammechinus (Echinus, Parechinus) miliaris (P. L. S. Muller; Gmelin). 

 Two distinct types, S- and Z- (Lindahl and Runnstrom, 1929). Iceland, 

 Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Scotland, Ireland, England, Plymouth, N. W. 

 coast of Africa to Cape Verde Isl.; not Mediterranean. Egg: S-type 1 14.8 y., 

 Z-type 98.3 |JL (Lindahl and Runnstrom, 1929). Eggs variable in size 

 (Borei, 1948). M III, 3 : 127. 



