136 THE AMERICAN ARBACIA 



TABLE 12 



OSMOTIC BEHAVIOR OF FRACTIONS 



E. B. Harvey, 1943 



Sea Water Whole Egg White Half Red Half 



diam. [i vol. \i^ diam. [x vol. [j.^ diam. (x vol. [x^ 



Eggs centrifuged in sea water, then placed in hypo-hypertonic sea water 



ioo%-6o% 82.4 (292,900) 67.4 (160,300) 63.4 (133,400) 



ioo%-8o% 74.9 (220,000) 61.8 (123,600) 57.2 (97,990) 



100% 72.0 (195,400) 59.0 (107,500) 56.0 (91,950) 



100 %- 1 25% 66.6 (154,700) 54.4 (84,300) 51.2 (70,300) 



Luckfs (1932) mean values for above 



100 %- 60% (84.6) 3i7>38o (69.5) 175.560 (63.9) 136,700 



100 %- 70% (80.6) 274,020 (66.3) 152,320 (61.7) 123,060 



100% (72.2) i97>440 (59-2) 108,600 (55.7) 90,680 



Only the volumes are given by Lucke; the diameters are calculated from the volumes. 

 Lucke found the swelling of whole eggs and fractions completely reversible. 



Respiration. - The white half consumes oxygen at about the same rate 

 (0.135 cm^/hour/cm^ eggs) as the whole egg,, while the red half has 

 about twice that rate. On fertilization the rate for whole eggs and white 

 halves increases about 2.5 times, while the red halves increase 1.2 times 

 (Shapiro, 1935 b, 1939 b). See Part IV for details. Addition of para- 

 phenylene diamine to white and red halves causes a greater oxygen 

 uptake by the white halves (Boell, Chambers, Glancy, and Stern, 1940). 

 KCN does not affect oxygen uptake of white halves but decreases 

 oxygen consumption of red halves and of both white and red halves 

 after fertilization (Shapiro, 1940). 



Enzymes. - Peptidase is found mostly in the white half localized in 

 the matrix; ratio of peptidase activity of white: red halves = 3.4 

 (Holter, 1936, 1949). 



Indophenol (cytochrome) oxidase is more abundant in the red half; 

 ratio of activity white : red halves = 0.5 (Navez and E. B. Harvey, 

 1935). See Hutchens, Kopac, and Krahl (1942) for association with 

 matrix in disintegrated eggs (see Part IV). 



Dehydrogenases (measured by reduction of ferricyanide) are in 

 greater concentration in the red half. Activity ratio of white to red 

 halves 45/55. (Ballentine, 1940c). 



