200 ALPHABETICAL COMPILATION 



Moser, 1939 b). 



Chloroform (Mathews, 1900; Heilbrunn, 1915 a, 1928, p. 261). 



Ether (Mathews, 1900; McClendon, 1909b, 1910b). 



Alcohol (Mathews, 1900). 



Benzol, toluol, amylene, chloroform, aldehyde, salicylaldehyde, ether, alcohol, 



propyl alcohol, given by Loeb, 1913 a, pp. 181- 183, probably refer to Strongylo- 



centrotus purpuratus, but some may have been tried also on Arbacia. 



Acetone (Heilbrunn, 1913; Just, 1929 a). 



Chloretone, urethane, chloral hydrate, esters: — methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, 



ethyl butyrate, methyl salicylate (Heilbrunn, 191 3). 



8. Detergents. 



Bile salts and soap (Loeb, 1913a, p. 177, probably S. purpuratus). 

 "Dreft" (E. B. Harvey unpub.). 



9. Glucosides 



Saponin (Heilbrunn, 1915 a, 1928, p. 261 ; Moser, 1939 b; Kitching and Moser, 



1940)- 



Saponin, solanin, digitalin (Loeb, 1913 a, p. 174, probably refers to Strongylo- 



centrotus purpuratus) . 



10. Alkaloids. 



Strychnine (Morgan, 1900a, b; Mathews, 1900). 

 Quinine, pilocarpine (Mathews, 1900). 



1 1 . Nonelectrolytes. 



^^ucrose (Loeb, 1900 b, 1913 a, p. 60; E. B. Harvey, 1936; Moser, 1940). 

 Urea (Loeb, 1900 b, 1913 a, p. 60; Moser, 1940); Kitching and Moser, 1940). 

 Thiurea, glycerine (Moser, 1940). 

 Acetamide (Heilbrunn, 19 13). 



12. Proteins, enzymes, organ extracts. 



Egg albumen (Heilbrunn, 1915 a, 1921, 1928, p. 261). 



Blood serum (Loeb, 1912b, 1913a, p. 194 footnote; see Heilbrunn, 1915a), 



Thrombin from ox blood (Just, 1929 a). 



Ovarian extract (Glaser, 191 3, 1914c). 



Sperm extract (Sampson, 1926, but see Loeb, 1901, 1913 a, p. 201 ; Gies, 1901 ; 



Frank, 1939). 



Extract of injured tissues (D. Harding, 1951). 



Lipolysin (A. E. Woodward, 1918). 



Hirudin (Just, 1929 a). 



Papain? (Loeb, 1901). 



13. Miscellaneous. 



KCN (McClendon, 1909b, 1910b; see Heilbrunn, 1915a; M. M. Brooks, 



1946 a, b, Lyon, 1903 for P. lividus. 



Picric acid (trinitrophenol) (Heilbrunn, 19 13). 



Chlorine (Heilbrunn, i925d). 



Iodine (Woodward and Hague, 191 7). 



Tannine and ammonia (R. S. Lillie, 1910; McClendon, 1910b). 



"Hexaresorcinol" (E. B. Harvey unpub.). 



Vitamin K (2-methyl-i,4-naphthoquinon) (Halaban, 1949). 



C. Fertilization after parthenogenesis. See Part H, Chapter 13, paragraph/?, p. 108. 



D. Development of parthenogenetic eggs. Some batches develop much better than 

 others. Development same as in fertilized eggs, but slower (many observers) ; first 

 cleavage i^ to 5 hrs. for parthenogenetic, 50 min. for fertilized (E. B. Harvey, 1936, 

 and unpub., E. B. Harvey and HoUaender, 1938). Parthenogenetic plutei of A. 

 punctulata have been obtained in early stages but not carried through metamorphosis, 

 though this could undoubtedly be done. Shearer and Lloyd (19 13) raised 15 parthe- 

 nogenetic Echinus esculentus through metamorphosis; this took 8 weeks, whereas 



