2o6 ALPHABETICAL COMPILATION 



F. Immature Egg. — More permeable than mature (Lyon and Shackell, igiob). 



G. Germinal Vesicle. — Approximates a perfect osmometer in behavoir (Churney, 

 1942). 



H. Sperm. — The volume doubles in distilled water before bursting (E. B. Harvey 

 and Anderson, 1943). See Shapiro, i948e. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 67 : 180-182. 



/. Amoebocytes. — Become spherical in distilled water before bursting (E. B. H.). 

 See Amoebocytes. 



Other Species (additional) and General References 



Brooks and Brooks, 1941. The Permeability of Living Cells. General. 



Brooks and Chambers, 1948. S.franciscanus, S. purpuratus, P^'^ uptake. 



Chambers and White, 1949. S. purpuratus, P^** uptake. 



Chambers, Whiteley, Chambers, and Brooks, 1948. Lytechinus pictus, P*^ uptake. 



Davson and Danielli, 1952. The Permeability of Natural Membranes. General. 



Dorfman, 1932, k^'^'^. Strongylocenirotus drobachiensis,Th.yi\\vn.\cchz.ngei\nosmo\.ic properties. 



Fukuda, 1935. Anthocidcris crassispina and Pseudocentrotus depressus, water penetration and 



ionic composition of medium. 

 Herlandt, 1914, 1918b, 1920. Paracenlrotus lividus, Sphaerechinus granularis, rhythmic changes 



in permeability. 

 Hobson, 1932 a. Psammechinus miliaris, permeability to water after fertilization. 

 Jacobs, 1924. Cowdry's General Cytology. General; 1952a in Modern Trends. General. 

 Krahl, 1950. General. 

 Leitch, 1 93 1, 1934a, b, 1936. S.franciscanus, S. purpuratus, Echinometra lucunter, Dendraster ex- 



cenlricus, permeability to water and non-solvent volume. 

 Lindberg, 1949. Psammechinus miliaris, P^^ uptake. 

 Lucke and McCutcheon, 1932. General. 

 Lyon and Shackell, 1910 b. Lytechinus, dyes. 



Skowron and Skowron, 1926. Sphaerechinus granularis, immature egg. 

 Thornblom, 1932. Paracentrotus lividvs, change in permeability on fertilization. 

 Whitaker, 1936. S.franciscanus, water and dyes after fertilization. 

 Wilbrandt, 1941. General in Tabulae Biologicae 19, pt. 2. 



PHOSPHORUS METABOLISM 



See also Nucleoproteins 



Amount. — Of phosphorus in unfertilized Arbacia egg.s 0.9064 mg. total phosphate 

 per 10® eggs; 0.0291 millimoles; 10* eggs = 0.124 gm. dry weight (Page, 1927b). 

 In centrifuged eggs (McClendon, 1909a). Table 17. 130 mg. phosphorus per gram 

 nitrogen or 0.31 mg. per cent of wet weight (Crane, 1947). 96 x io~^ micrograms 

 phosphorus per egg (Schmidt, Hecht, and Thannhauser, 1948). 



Of phosphorus in fertilized Arbacia eggs. Same in 2-4 cell and blastula (Shackell, 

 191 1 ). This was criticised by Robertson and Wasteneys (19 13) for S, purpuratus, and 

 answered by Masing (19 14). Uptake of P^^ by fertilized egg is 40 times that by the 

 unfertilized; i.o x io~^ mg. per million eggs one hour after fertilization. At 10 °C. 

 I /7th amount phosphorus taken up as at 23" (Abelson, 1947, 1948). Uptake of P^^ 

 increases rapidly on fertilization and rate of uptake is not affected by x-rays (Evans, 

 1950). 



Analysis. — Of phosphorus fractions. Table 7 in centrifuged eggs (McClendon, 

 1902 a) and Table 17 (Villee et al., 1949). 



Amount of Phosphorus in Sperm. — 2.86% (in A. lixula, Mathews, 1897). 



Phospholipids. — (Lecithin) in unfertilized eggs. 2.17 mg. per 10* eggs or 38% of 

 total fat which is 5.65 mg. per 10' eggs (Hayes, 1938) ; he calculates 3.84 mg. phos- 

 pholipid per 10® eggs from McClendon's (1909 a) data and 8.4 mg. from Page's 



