50 loc:al tissue reactivity 



tuged and filtered ihiough Berkeleld "\'" candles. The rabbits 

 were prepared by intradermal injection ol meningococcus 44B 

 "agar washings" filtrate. T\venty-i()ur hours later, the intravenous 

 injection of the filtrate, in a dose of 2 c.c. jjer kilo of Ijody ^veight, 

 gave strongly positive reactions in all rabbits tested. No titrations 

 to the end-point were carried out. 



Apitz (h).^^^/^ 'ii^d Wadsworth and Sickles (1933) confirmed 

 my hndings that the streptococctis cidtine hltrates contain react- 

 ing factors which can be best demonstrated in rabbits prepared 

 by potent heterologous filtrates. 



From the above studies on the active principles of streptococci, 

 the following may be concl tided: 



Live cidtmes of Streptococcus viridans produce principles of 

 low and variable concentration; the activity of these principles 

 being considerably impaired by processes of centrifugalization and 

 filtration. Apparently, the products of Streptococcus viridans are 

 totally inactive as a preparatory agent. 



Indifferent and green-})roducing enterococci give rise to con- 

 siderably mc:)re potent actixe principles, bcDth effective in prepara- 

 tion to the phenomenon and its elicitation. 



The Streptococcus lieniolyticus grotip is by far superior in re- 

 acting potency but apparently possesses an insignificant amoiuit 

 of j^rejjaratory factors. Here again, the ability of producing the 

 active principles varies with the strains employed. Active strains 

 are frequently encoinitered among the Streptococcus Jiemolyticus 

 scarl(iti)iae, and Streptococcus Jiemolyticus pyogenes group. 



No systematic studies were made xvith Streptococcus Jiemolyti- 

 cus erysipelatis. The impression thus far gained is that the po- 

 tency of its products is inferior to the above groups of Strepto- 

 coccus Jiemolyticus. 



One strain of Streptococcus ScJwttmiiller yielded potent react- 

 ing factors. 



ACTVE PRINCIPLES OF PNEl'MOCOCCUS 



In my preliminary experiments I was able to obtain irregular 

 reactions with pnetimococci of Types I, II, and III. The prepara- 

 tic:)ns were filtrates of forty-eight hour old cidtines of pneinno- 

 coccus on blood agar (preferably fresh rabbit's blood spread over 

 the surface of the agar) . (Shwartzman, 1928c.) 



Cope and Howell (1931) prepared pneumococcus active prin- 

 ciples by dissolving the pneumococcus in bile. They failed to ob- 



