REACTIVITY TO VARIOUS MICROORGANISMS 53 



of the same material. None of the animals ga\e any reactions. 

 According to Bieling (u)'^!), Oelrichs was able to obtain the 

 phenomenon \vith certain cultine filtrates of B. tuberculosis. In 

 her experiments, the phenomenon-prodncing factors ^vere not re- 

 lated to the sti])stances responsible lor tnbercidin hypersensitive- 

 ness. P. Bordet (1935) obserxed reactions in guinea pigs at the 

 site of intradermal inocnlations of B. C. G. ciiltines following the 

 intra\enous injection of B. culi ciiltme materials. Freimd (1934^) 

 reported that the intra\enous injection of B. hphosus cidtiue fil- 

 trate produced se\ere reactions at the site of ttiberctilin intrader- 

 mal tests in guinea pigs sensitized xvith the B. C. G. ciUtures. He 

 obtained no reactions in normal guinea pigs. The work of Bordet 

 and Freund xvill be discussed in more detail in a subsequent 

 chapter. Mazur (1935) failed to obtain acti\e principles in fil- 

 trates of glycerine broth cidttnes of acid fast and non-acid fast 

 tubercle bacilli. 



Recently, I carried out a series of investigations on the skin- 

 preparatory and reacting potency of tuberculin and tuberculous 

 culture materials. As xvill be seen from the following description, 

 heterologous filtrates of ascertained phenomenon-producing po- 

 tency were used either for skin-preparatory or intravenous injec- 

 tions (Shwartzman, 1935c) . 



Reactions with products of B. tuberculosis in combination with 

 heterologous filtrates of ascertained phenomenon-produc- 

 ing potency : 



Styai)is. The strains of B. tuherculusis employed Asere the Bo- 

 vine Type — C3 458-559 (of Nexv York City Board of Health) ; 

 Human Type — Hh-; and A\ian Type — (S23 (of the American 

 Type Culture Collection) . 



Cultures. The strains were each seeded on the surface of 250 

 c.c. of 5 per cent glycerine broth j)H 7.2 and placed in "1000 c.c." 

 Erlenmeyer flasks. The cotton plugs were sealed with paraffin and 

 the cultures incubated at 37.5° c. The length of the incubation 

 period varied from a iew days to a number of xveeks. 



Filtrates. The cultures were centrifuged at high speed. The 

 clear supernatant fluid xvas decanted and filtered through Berke- 

 feld "\'" candles. Sterility controls xvere made on plain agar 

 slants and I.oewenstein media. 



Tuberculin O. T. Cultures were heated in the Arnold sterilizer 

 for one and one-half hours and hltered through t)ne layer of ster- 



