2()() LOCAL TISSUE REACmTTY 



llicsc routes arc imsiiilahlc lor cli(itation ol reactions in sites 

 j)re|)are(l l)\ iiitiadernial injections. 



KI.ICrrAllOX OF RI'.ACTIVIT^ HV WA^ oi gknkrai. circmlaiion 



As already mentioned, attempts liave also been made to re- 

 produce a state ol \vide-spread vascular reactivity by giving the 

 preparator) injection of active princij^les into the general cir- 

 culation ol the animal lollowed by a second provocative injection 

 of the same principles after a suitable interval of time. Before 

 disctissing this topic, it is necessary to cc:)nsider first, the effect of 

 a single intravenous injection of the acti\e {)rincij)les of the phe- 

 nomenon upon internal organs. 



Effect of Single Intravenous Injections of Bacterial Filtrates: 



Apitz (i9'54<^<) described certain primary toxic effects of B. 

 coli cultine filtrates upon intravenous injection into rabbits. 

 These may consist of necrosis of the heart muscle, li\'er and 

 spleen, fatty degeneration, enlargement of parenchymatous or- 

 gairs and edema of the liuigs. 



In Gerber's (iq'^G/^) experiments there ^vere also observed 

 lesions in the internal organs, exclusive of the kidneys follo^ving 

 one injection cjf a bacterial filtrate. The changes 'were as follows: 



The heart showed severe, cloudy swelling with waxy degenera- 

 tion of the muscle fibers, focal necrosis ^vith or witiiout calcifica- 

 tion and interstitial cellidar infiltration with or ^vithout focal 

 necrosis. The interstitial infiltration ccjnsisted of large monocytes, 

 macrophages, lymphocytes and polymorphonuclear leucocytes. 

 Occasionally, the intima of the pulmonary artery and aorta were 

 similarly invaded. Ho^ve\er, the hearts of ten normal control 

 animals and those receiving horse serum also showed \arying 

 degrees of waxy change of the muscle fibers and interstitial infil- 

 tration. The lesions in the liver consisted of focal necrosis and 

 venous thrombi. The necrosis of the liver cells \aried in size 

 from small foci to large areas invohing an entire lobule. The 

 necrotic cells ^vere often surrounded by polymorphonuclear leu- 

 cocytes and a few macrophages. Although similar foci of necrosis 

 were seen in animals suffering from coccidiosis, the lesions ob- 

 served in animals treated with bacterial filtrates ^vere more ex- 

 tensive and were frequently accc:)mpanied by a greater degree of 

 venous thrombosis than in coccidiosis animals. The thrc^mbi ^vere 

 found chiefly in the central sublobular or large hepatic \eins. 



