2 10 LOCAL TLSSUE REACTIVITY 



{loscopic leaturcs ol tlie local skin reaction aie lound in the 

 kidney reaction. His resnlts su,i><>este(l an almost (omplete paral- 

 lelism betAveen the two when the lol lowing (actors in each reac- 

 tion were compared, i.e., lemdarity ol occmrence; susceptibility 

 of individual rabbits; time of appearance of lesions; necessary 

 inter\al of time between the j^reparatory and provocatixe injec- 

 tions; acti\it) of ])reparations from various microorganisms and 

 stisceptibility of animals other than rabbits. 



Serious consideration should be given to the fact that lesicms 

 fully characteristic of the phenomenon in all its features appeared 

 exclusively in the kidneys and only provided repeated injections 

 of the active principles were made at suitable intervals of time. 

 As pointed out before, Avhile the permeability of the renal capil- 

 laries permits the preparation of the kidney by way of the renal 

 vascular system, other capillaries (p. 193) , at least of the peripheral 

 system, do not permit of any preparation by \\ay of the vascidar 

 channel, because of lower permeability (Shwartzman, 1935/v') . 

 It is conceivable, therefore, that when a j^reparatory injection 

 of a bacterial filtrate is made into the general circidation, the 

 state of reactivity is obtained only in those organs Avhich possess 

 a vascular network of high permeability. Stolyluvo (i9,^]()) ob- 

 served that the factors operating in the phenomenon of local skin 

 reactivity are excreted in the mine of rabbits injected intra\e- 

 nously "\vith bacterial filtrates and also in the mine of typhoid 

 fever patients. If the facts are taken into consideration it is 

 easy to understand why the kidneys alone are the site of the 

 lesions typical of the phenomenon in experiments xvhen the 

 preparatory factors are introduced into the general circidation. 

 It may be safer, therefore, for the present at least, to consider this 

 form of the phenomenon as also a phenomenon of local reactivity, 

 the difference being in the fact that prej^aratory factors intro- 

 duced into the general circidation find favorable cc^nditions for 

 the local preparation of the kidneys by xvay of the local \ascular 

 system. It is quite possible that if methods were found to raise 

 artificially the vascular permeability, severe characteristic lesions 

 may be also consistently observed in organs other than the kidneys. 



TLSSUE REACTIVITY TO LIVE BACTERIA AND VIRUSES INDUCED IN IN- 

 TERNAL C^tRGANS BY INTRAVASCULAR INJECTION OF LIVE BACTERIA 



In the Avork just described, only bacteria-free filtrates were 

 employed. The (juestion remains as to \vhat are the manifesta- 



