^^20 LOCAL ILSSUE REACTIVITY 



wilhin a lew hours. Fi icdberger coiuluded tha( anaj)lnla( tic- 

 shock was due to a poison produced iroiii tlic jjrochu ts ol an aiiti- 

 gen-|-antibody interaction by the action ol (()in])lcnient and 

 termed the product anaphylatoxins. 



J. Bordet (1913) , however, was able to show that poisoirs simi- 

 lar to those of Friedberger could be prodiued by the action ol 

 Iresh guinea pig serum on agar. 



As described in Chapter i\, antigen+antibody combinations, 

 as well as, possibly Avith less frequency, agar and starch may be 

 endc:)^ved with reacting potency. These findings necessitated, 

 therefore, comparative studies on the anaphylatoxins and react- 

 ing factors of the phenomenon, Avhich. however, demonstrate dis- 

 tinct differences. 



Novy, DeKruif and Novy (1917) demonstrated that the guinea 

 pig is the most susceptible animal to the effect of anaphylatoxins. 

 The rabbit, like the rat, is not affected by large doses of anaphyla- 

 toxins. The fact alone that the rabbit is the most susceptible 

 laboratory animal to the phenomenon of local skin reactivity, 

 ^vhilst the guinea pig is either totally resistant or only partially 

 susceptible to it, already throws ck:)ubt on the connection between 

 the phenomenon and anaphylatoxins. 



After J. Bordet's demonstration of in vitro production of ana- 

 phylatoxin by means of agar, Novy and DeKruif found that agar 

 injected into guinea pigs may prc^duce a typical anaphylactic 

 shock and death ^vith characteristic autopsy findings. The i)i xnvo 

 production of anaj^hylatcjxins in agar-shocked animals ^vas demon- 

 strated by blood transfusions. There exists, therefore, a similarity 

 bet^veen the production of the phenomenon through intraxenous 

 injection of agar and the i)i vivo j^roduction of ana})hylatoxins. 

 In order to study the relationship of anaphylatoxins to the phe- 

 nomenon, P. Bordet (1936/^) attempted to determine Avhcther, 

 similarly to anaphylatoxins, reacting factors of the phenomenon 

 coidd be produced by in vitro treatment of blood serum \\\\\\ 

 agar. Accc^rdingly, he made a mixture of 15 c.c. of fresh rabbit 

 serum xvith 3 c.c. of agar in 0.25 per cent concentration. After 

 shakino- and two hours' incubation, the mixture was centrifuoed 

 twdce at high speed. The supernatant fluid was injected into rab- 

 bits ])revicjusly prepared xvith B. coli active filtrates. Only a 

 doubtful reaction resulted from this injection. The same animals, 

 however, reinjected xvith the sediment containing the agar ga\e 

 rise to intense hemorrhagic reactions in the prepared skin sites. 



