XII 



The Blood Flagellates 



Leishmaniasis 



Visceral leishmaniasis 

 Distribution 

 The causative organism 

 Symptoms and pathology 



Oriental sore 

 Distribution 

 The causative organism 

 Symptoms and pathology 



Mucocutaneous leishmaniasis 

 Distribution 

 The causative organism 

 Symptoms and pathology 



Transmission of leishmaniasis 



Laboratory diagnosis 



Chemotherapy 



Control of leishmaniasis 



Trypanosomiasis 



African sleeping sickness 



Distribution 



The causative organisms 



Symptoms and pathology 



Diagnosis 



Chemotherapy 



Control of sleeping sickness 

 Chagas' disease 



Distribution 



The causative organism 



Vectors and reservoir hosts 



Symptoms and pathology 



Diagnosis 



Therapy and control 



Literature cited 



LEISHMANIASIS 



T„ 



.HE FLAGELLATES causing human leishmaniasis belong to the 

 genus Leishniania Ross. To this genus there have been assigned also 

 certain flagellates of reptiles. Among these are L. chamaeleonis, which is 

 an intestinal parasite retaining the leptomonad form (71), and also L. 

 ceramodactyli (5) and L. hemidaclyli (66), which are blood parasites of 

 gekkos and infect sandflies. L. ceramodactyli develops in the posterior 

 station. L. hemidactyli develops in the anterior station like the species 

 found in mammals, and this is the case also for L. tarentolae (6a) from 

 the blood of gekkos. 



The three parasites of man are usually given specific rank: L. donovani 

 of visceral leishmaniasis, L. tropica of oriental sore, and L. brasiliensis 

 (L. peruviana, L. tropica var. americana) of muco-cutaneous or American 

 leishmaniasis. The lack of obvious morphological differences has led 

 some workers to the opinion that all three parasites are merely strains 



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