222 PROTOZOOLOGY 



colorless; with starch granules; a stigma; asexual reproduction re- 

 sults in up to 8 daughter cells ; fresh water. 



H. klebsi P. (Fig. 97, g). 30-80m by up to 10m; stagnant water. 



Genus Polytoma Ehrenberg (Chlamydohlepharis France; Tussetia 

 Pascher). Ovoid; no chromatophores ; membrane yellowish to 

 brown; pyrenoid unobserved; 2 contractile vacuoles; 2 flagella 

 about body length; stigma if present, red or pale-colored; many 

 starch bodies and oil droplets in posterior half of body; asexual re- 

 production in motile stage; isogamy; saprozoic; in stagnant fresh 

 water. 



P. uvella E. (Figs. 8, e; 97, h). Oval to pyriform; stigma may be 

 absent; 15-30^ by 9-20m. 



Genus Paxapolytoma Jameson. Anterior margin obliquely trun- 

 cate, resembling a cryptomonad, but without chromatophores; with- 

 out stigma and starch; division into 4 individuals within envelope; 

 fresh water. 



P. saturaJ. (Fig. 97, i). About 15ai by lO/x; fresh water. 



Family 2 Trichlorididae 



With three flagella. 



Genus Trichloris Scherffel and Pascher. Bean-shape; flagellate 

 side flattened or concave; opposite side convex; chromatophore 

 large, covering convex side; 2 pyrenoids surrounded by starch 

 granules; a stigma near posterior end of chromatophore; nucleus 

 central; numerous contractile vacuoles scattered; 3 flagella near 

 anterior end. 



T. paradoxa S and P. (Fig. 97, j). 12-15m broad by 10-12^ high; 

 flagella up to 30m long. 



Family 3 Carteriidae 



With four flagella arising from anterior pole. 



Genus Carteria Diesing {Corhierea, Pithiscus Dangeard; Tetra- 

 mastix Korschikoff). Ovoid, chromatophore cup-shaped; pyrenoid; 

 stigma; 2 contractile vacuoles; fresh water. Numerous species. 



C. cordiformis (Carter) (Fig. 98, a). Heart-shaped in front view; 

 ovoid in profile; chromatophore large; 18-23m by 16-20^. 



C. ellipsoidalis Bold. Ellipsoid; chromatophore; a small stigma; 

 division into 2, 4, or 8 individuals in encysted stage; 6-24m long; 

 fresh water, Maryland (Bold, 1938). 



Genus Pyramimonas Schmarda (Pyramidomonas Stein). Small 

 pyramidal or heart-shaped body; with bluntly drawn-out posterior 

 end; usually 4 ridges in anterior region; 4 flagella; green chromato- 



