500 PROTOZOOLOGY 



Genus Haemoproteus Kruse. Gametocytes in erythrocytes, with 

 pigment granules, halter-shaped when fully formed (hence Halter- 

 idium Labbe) ; schizogony in endothelial cells of viscera of vertebrate 

 hosts; sexual reproduction in blood-sucking insects; in birds and 

 reptiles. 



H. columhae Celli and Sanfelice (Fig. 233). In pigeons (Columha 

 livia), etc.; widely distributed; young schizonts, minute and uninu- 

 cleate, are in the endothelial cells of lungs and other organs, grow 

 into large multinucleate bodies which divide into 15 or more uninu- 

 cleate cytomeres (Aragao). Each cytomere now grows and its nucleus 

 divides repeatedly. The host cell in which many cytomeres undergo 

 enlargement, becomes highly hypertrophied and finally ruptures. 

 The multinucleate cytomeres break up into numerous merozoites, 

 some of which possibly repeat the schizogony by invading endothe- 

 lial cells, while others enter erythrocytes and develop into gameto 

 cytes which are seen in the peripheral blood; sexual reproduction 

 in, and transmitted by, the flies: Lynchia hrunea, L. lividicolor, L. 

 capensis, Pseudolynchia maura, and Microlynchia fusilla. 



H. lophoriyx O'Roke. In California valley quail, Gambel quail, 

 and Catalina Island quail (Lophortyx) ; gametocytes in erythrocytes, 

 also occasionally in leucocytes; young gametocytes, spherical to 

 elongate, about 1m long; more developed forms, cylindrical, about 

 8/x by 2ju, with 2-10 pigment granules; mature gametocytes, halter- 

 shaped, encircling the nucleus of the host erj^throcyte, 18/i by 1.5- 

 2.5/i; numerous pigment granules; 4-8 microgametes, about 13.5/x 

 long, from each microgametocyte; on slide in one instance, gamete- 

 formation, fertilization and ookinete formation, completed in 52 

 minutes at room temperature; in nature sexual reproduction takes 

 place in the fly, Lynchia hirsuta; sporozoites enter salivary glands 

 and fill central tubules; schizonts present in lungs, liver and spleen 

 of quail after infected flies sucked blood from the bird; mero- 

 zoites found in endothelial cells of capillaries of lungs, in epithelial 

 cells of liver and rarely in peripheral blood cells; how merozoites 

 enter blood cells is unknown; schizonts seldom seen in circulating 

 blood; infected birds show pigment deposits in spleen and lungs 

 (O'Roke). 



Several species of Haemoproteus have been described by Coatney 

 and Roudabush (1937). 



Genus Leucocytozoon Danilewsky. Schizogony in the endothelial 

 cells as well as visceral cells of vertebrates; sexual reproduction in 

 blood-sucking insects; gametocytes in spindle-shaped host cells. 

 Several species. 



L. simondi Mathis and Leger (L. anatis Wickware) (Fig. 234). 



