GENERAL SYSTEMATIC BACTERIOLOGY 19 



Trevisan (1842, p. 56) described an organism which he placed among 

 the algae as closelj'^ related to Oscillatoria. To it he gave the name 

 Beggiatoa punctata. This genus is now generally recognized as belong- 

 ing among the sulphur bacteria. In the same year Goodsir (1842, 

 p. 432) described an organism which he named Sarcina ventriculi. It 

 occurred as masses of spherical cells forming regular packets in the 

 vomit of a patient. The relationship of this organism to the types in- 

 cluded by previous writers among the Infusoria was not recognized. 



Kuetzing (1843, p. 198) described one of the iron bacteria, Lepto- 

 thrix ochracea, which may be regarded as the type species of this genus. 

 Later Robin (1853, p. 345) named one of the mouth bacteria Lepto- 

 thrix huccalis. We know now that the two species named are not at all 

 closely related, but the double use of this designation has led to much 

 confusion in literature in recent years. Sanitary bacteriologists in 

 general use the genus Leptothrix for iron bacteria, while many medical 

 bacteriologists use the name for certain parasitic mouth forms. 



Leidy (1849-1852) described several genera of " Entophyta" from 

 the intestines of arthropods. Several of these, probably Arthromitus, 

 Cladophytum, Corynocladus^ Cryptodesma, Eccrina, and Enteropryus, 

 may tentatively be included with the bacteria. It is noteworthy that 

 in 1849 this author called attention to the probable relationships of the 

 Vibrio and Bacterium to plants, that is to the Entophyta. 



Perty (1852) in his "Zur Kenntniss kleinster Lebensf ormen " di- 

 vided the Infusoria into Ciliata and Phytozoidia, the latter in turn he 

 divided into three sections, the third of which he termed Lampozoidea. 

 The family Vihrionida is included under this. The subfamilies and 

 genera of the Vihrionida may be differentiated as follows : 



Perty's Classification of the Vibrionida (1852) 



a. Chains or filaments spirally wound. 



Subfamily 1. Spirillina 



1. Cells not flexuous Spirillum 



2. Cells flexuous Spirochaeta 



aa. Filaments flexuous or straight. Subfamily 2. Bacterina 



1. Cells flexuous Vibrio 



2. Cells not flexuous, cells isolated Bacterium 



3. Cells not flexuous, in filaments Metallacter 



4. Cells not flexuous, filaments Sporonema 



Three species of Spirillum, one of Spirochaeta, three of Vibrio, one 

 of Bacterium, one of Metallacter and one of Sporonema were described. 



