30 GENERAL SYSTEMATIC BACTERIOLOGY 



bb. Possessing spiral stage in the growth, 

 c. Not forming false branches. 



Leptothrix, Beggiatoa, Crenothrix and Phragmidiothrix 

 cc. Fonning false branches Cladothrix 



Balcke (1884) according to Lindner named an organism from ferment- 

 ing wort Pediococcus cerevisiae. This generic name has been commonly 

 used since as a designation for organisms which occur in tetrads but do 

 not form regular Sarcina packets. 



De Bary (1884) introduced a new principle into the classification 

 of bacteria by his separation of these organisms into two groups based 

 upon the presence of endoepores in the one and of arthrospores in the 

 other. The following key will illustrate this method of differentiation : 



De Bary's Classification of Bacteria (1884) 



a. Producing endospores. 



b. Rods straight or slightly bent (including all non-arthrosporous types 

 of Clostridium, Bacteridium, Vibrio, etc.) 



1. Bacillus 



bb. Rods spiral 2. Spirillum 



aa. Producing arthrospores. 



b. Rosaries of cocci, embedded in firm masses of gelatin. 



3. Leuconosto'c 



bb. Simple rods 4. Arthrobacterium 



bbb. Filamentous forms 5. Crenothrix 



6. Beggiatoa 



7. Cladothrix 



8. Leptothrix 



The classification used by Grove (1884) was an exact translation of 

 that of Winter. 



Van Tieghem (1884) agreed with Cohn in including the bacterial 

 genera among the blue-green algae. The following key, carried to gen- 

 era only for the bacteria, will illustrate the rather indefinite group- 

 ing used by this author. 



Van Tieghem's Classification of Bacteria (1884) 



A.^Family I. Nostocaceae. Producing cysts. With many algal genera and the 



bacterial genera Beggiatoa and Leuconostoc. 

 B. Family II. Bacteriaceae. Producing spores. 

 I. Cell division in one direction of space. 

 a. Cells spherical. Micrococcus 

 (In gelatin, Ascococcus, Naked, Punctula.) 



