GENERAL SYSTEMATIC BACTERIOLOGY 55 



In this year a peculiar genus of bacteria was described by Jennings 

 (1899). He used the name Astrohacter to designate an organism which 

 multipHed by longitudinal fission, forming radial clusters. The or- 

 ganisms were found only in certain stained preparations; it is not en- 

 tirely certain that he was not observing an artifact or at least some 

 organism not bacterial in nature. 



Migula (1900) in the second volume of his "System der Bakterien" 

 considerably increased the scope of his classification by dividing the 

 Schizomvcetes into two classes which he termed the Eubacteria and 

 the Thiobacteria, the true bacteria and the sulphur bacteria. 



Migula's Classification of Bacteria (1900) 



I. Order Eubacteria: Cells without any "Centralkorper" and free from sulfur 

 and bacteriopurpurin: 



A. Cells spherical. Family Coccaceae Zopf emend. Migula 



1. Cells non-motile : 



a. Division in one direction of space. 



Streptococcus Billr. 



b. Division in two directions of space. 



Micrococcus (Hallier) Cohn 



c. Division in three directions of space. 



Sarcina Goodsir 



2. Cells motile: 



a. Division in two directions of space. 



Planococcus Migula 



b. Division in three directions of space. 



Planosarcina Migula 



B. Cells straight rods, at least never spiral. 



Family Bacteriaceae 



1. Non-motile Bacterium 



2. Motile: 



a. Flagella monotrichous. . . .Pseudomonas Cohn emend. Smith 



b. Flagella peritrichous Bacillus Cohn em. Migula 



C. Cells spirally wound or representing a portion of a spiral: 



1. Non-motile Spirosoma Mig. 



a. Not enclosed in gelatin. 



Subgenus Euspirosoma Mig. 



b. Enclosed in gelatin. .Subgenus Myconostoc 



2. Motile: 



a. One, two or three polar flagella. 



Microspira Schroeter 



b. Tuft of polar flagella Spirillum Ehr. 



c. Slender and flexuous Spirochaete Ehr. 



D. Cells cylindric, united into a sheathed thread. 



Family Chlamydobacteriaceae 



